Yellow-fronted White-eye
Zosterops flavifrons
Small. Greenish-yellow above and brighter yellow below, with a broad, bold white eye-ring. Mostly inhabits forested areas, but common in open scrub and gardens. Silvereye is similar but has a dark gray back and peachy-buff underparts. Yellow-fronted’s common call is a high-pitched “tzeep-tzeep,” repeated frequently.
识别特征
The Vanuatu white-eye is 11–12 cm (4.3–4.7 in) in overall length. The adult male is yellow-green above while the underparts are bright yellow or yellow-green depending on the subspecies. The forehead is yellow and there is a white ring around the eye. The legs and feet are dark grey and the bill is brown above and pinkish below. Female and immature birds are similar to the male but paler. The immatures also have a narrower eye-ring.<p>The contact call is short and high-pitched. The song is a repeated warbling.
分类信息
The Vanuatu white-eye was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae. He placed it with the flycatchers in the genus Muscicapa and coined the binomial name Muscicapa flavifrons. The specific epithet combines the Latin flavus meaning "yellow" with frons meaning "forehead" or "front". Gmelin based his account on the "Yellow-fronted flycatcher" from the island of Tanna in the Vanuatu archipelago that had been described in 1783 by the English ornithologist John Latham in his book A General Synopsis of Birds. The naturalist Joseph Banks had provided Latham with a water-colour drawing of the bird by the naturalist Georg Forster who had accompanied James Cook on his second voyage to the Pacific Ocean. The picture is dated 7 August 1774. It is the holotype for the species and is now in the collection of the Natural History Museum in London. The Vanuatu white-eye is now placed with over a hundred other white-eye species in the genus Zosterops that was introduced in 1827 by Nicholas Vigors and Thomas Horsfield.<p>Seven subspecies are recognised:
- 学名
- Zosterops flavifrons
- 命名信息
- (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Zosteropidae
- 属
- Zosterops
分布与栖息地
The seven subspecies are distributed almost throughout Vanuatu from the Banks Islands in the north to Aneityum in the south. The species occurs in a variety of habitats including forest, plantations and gardens from sea level to the mountains.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The neat, cup-shaped nest is built 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) or more above the ground and is made of grass, pieces of bark and spider webs. The eggs are bluish-white and there are three in a clutch.<p>It forages in bushes and trees, moving around in pairs or small flocks. The varied diet includes insects, nectar and fruit such as lantana berries and wild figs.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
其他鸟类
Northern Wheatear
Oenanthe oenanthe
Small thrush-like bird with distinctive black-and-white tail pattern best seen in flight. Throughout most of range, breeding male is overall pale with gray back and buffy throat, black mask, and black wings. Breeding female is duller without black mask. Nonbreeding and immature birds are bright buffy overall with subtle pale eyebrow and lack contrasting black wings. Note long legs and upright posture. Tends to stay on the ground or on low perches. Primarily Eurasian species with a limited breeding range in Alaska; breeds in areas of bare rock and short grass and spends the non-breeding season in open habitats such as grasslands and barren rocky plains. Jumbled-sounding song is quite variable, often including whistles, trills, and mimicry. Calls include a high-pitched “weet”, dry rattle, and dry “chak”, often repeated.
Black-banded Woodcreeper
Dendrocolaptes picumnus
This is a large woodcreeper with a hefty straight bill. Look for the combination of pale streaks on the head and breast and dark barring on the belly. Large range from Central America to northern Argentina, but usually uncommon. Occurs from lowlands up to around 2,000 m. Typically found in mature forest, singly or in pairs, sometimes following a mixed-species flock or ant swarm. Listen for a loud ringing trill that usually falls slightly in pitch, where each note sounds clipped.
Elf Owl
Micrathene whitneyi
One of the smallest owls in the world, about the size of a sparrow. Patterned with rufous, gray, and white. Most similar in plumage to Flammulated Owl, but note the Elf Owl's white eyebrows, yellow eyes, tiny size, and habitat. Found in brushy woodlands and surrounding desert, where they nest in natural cavities or abandoned woodpecker holes in trees and cacti. Nocturnal; most easily found by listening for call around dusk: a descending whiny chuckle or single mewing note. Migrates south to Mexico for the winter.
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