Green-rumped Parrotlet
Forpus passerinus
A very small, gregarious parrot that prefers open habitats where it feeds on fruits, flowers, and seeds. The only parrotlet to occur in the Caribbean. Elsewhere told from other parrotlets by uniform lime-green color (plus blue wing patch in males) and pale bill. Most often seen flying in small tight flocks that frequently tilt and make abrupt turns. Usually first detected by its calls, which are a combination of shrill chatterings, squeaks, twitters.
识别特征
The green-rumped parrotlet is 12 cm (4.7 in) long and weighs 20–28 g (0.71–0.99 oz). The plumage mainly bright green with duller/grayer napes. The eyes are dark brown and beaks and feet are light peach. Green-rumped parrotlets exhibit sexual dimorphism: males have purplish-blue primaries, secondaries, and coverts, with bright turquoise feathers on the leading edges of their wings; females lack blue but have more yellow-green on the head. Like all parrots, green-rumped parrotlets exhibit zygodactyly, meaning two toes face forward and two face backward. Juveniles look like adults.<p>The male of subspecies F. p. cyanophanes has more extensive purple-blue markings that form an obvious patch on the closed wing. The male of F. p. viridissimus has darker purple-blue markings on the secondaries. The male of F. p. cyanochlorus has darker purple-blue markings than the nominate species; the female is brighter yellow-green. The male of F. p. deliciosus compared to the nominate has the back and rump that is brighter emerald green that is tinted with pale blue; the primaries and secondaries pale blue with purple-blue near feather shafts. The forehead of the female is more yellow.
分类信息
The green-rumped parrotlet was formally described in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae. He placed it with all the other parrots in the genus Psittacus and coined the binomial name Psittacus passerinus. Linnaeus specified the type location as "America", but this was changed to Surinam by Hans von Berlepsch in 1908. The green-rumped parrotlet is now one of nine species placed in the genus Forpus that was introduced in 1858 by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie. The etymology of the genus name is uncertain. The specific epithet passerinus is from Latin and means "sparrow-like".<p>Five subspecies are recognised:
- 学名
- Forpus passerinus
- 命名信息
- (Linnaeus, 1758)
- 目
- Psittaciformes
- 科
- Psittacidae
- 属
- Forpus
分布与栖息地
Green-rumped parrotlets are found in tropical South America, from the Caribbean regions of Colombia, Venezuela and Trinidad south and east to the Guianas and Brazil on the lower Amazon River. It has been introduced in Jamaica, Curaçao, Barbados and Tobago, and was not recorded on Trinidad prior to 1916. Along with the lilac-tailed parrotlet (Touit batavicus), they are the only parrotlet species to occur in the West Indies.<p>Green-rumped parrotlets are fairly common in open, semi-arid habitat and are found residing in dry scrubland, deciduous woodland, gallery forest, farmland, forest edges, and deforested areas throughout their range. While they are non-migratory, they may wander locally to locate sources of food. They are not found at altitudes greater than 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) above sea level.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Red-headed Barbet
Eubucco bourcierii
Male is unmistakable with bright red head, green back, yellow belly, and stout yellow bill. Also notice the oval-shaped body with large head and short tail. Female is similar to some South American barbet species , but note head pattern: blue cheek, orange side of neck, and black forehead. Usually found in pairs, often accompanying a mixed-species flock in the forest canopy. Sometimes visits fruit feeders.
Eurasian Curlew
Numenius arquata
Scimitar-billed large shorebird of varied open habitats. Note large size, overall brown plumage, and long, decurved bill (appreciably shorter on juvenile). In flight shows white back patch, mostly white underwings. Common call an onomatopoeic "coor-lee." Compare to smaller Whimbrel, which has head stripes, a piping whistled call, and Far Eastern Curlew, which has a buffy rump and extensively marked underwings. Breeds mainly in grasslands, from coastal marshes to upland moors; winters mainly in coastal lowlands, especially mudflats and adjacent marshes.
Violet-green Swallow
Tachycineta thalassina
A relatively small swallow of western North America. Adult males have a white face and show turquoise-green upperparts and a purple rump in good light. Females and immatures are duller on the upperparts, sometimes just dusky-gray. In flight, note the prominent white "saddlebags" extending up from the underparts to the sides of the rump. Fairly common in a variety of open habitats, often foraging over meadows or ponds. Can be seen in large flocks, sometimes mixed with other species of swallow. Breeds as far north as Alaska; winters primarily in Mexico and northern Central America.
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