Tatama Tapaculo
Scytalopus alvarezlopezi
This typical “Scytalopus” tapaculo is found only in Colombia’s western Andes. Plumage is gray with a brown tinge to the rump and faint, rusty barring on the lower underparts. Similar to Nariño Tapaculo, Spillmann’s Tapaculo, and Choco Tapaculo, and is best identified by its distinctive voice. Song is a long, pulsating series of frog-like calls that gradually increases in volume and pitch. Inhabits understory of cloud forest and is normally quite hard to see.
识别特征
The Tatama tapaculo is almost entirely black, though the underparts are grayish black and the rump has a tinge of dark brown. The flanks and lower abdomen have indistinct bars. Its overall length is about 12 cm (4.7 in) and two males weighed 24.0 and 25.4 g (0.85 and 0.90 oz).
分类信息
Though the Tatama tapaculo was first discovered in 1992, it was not formally described until 2017. The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society accepted it as a new species in May 2019. The International Ornithological Committee followed suit in June 2019 and the Clements taxonomy in July 2019. Its closest relative is the El Oro tapaculo (Scytalopus robbinsi); those two species, Stiles's tapaculo (S. stilesi), and Magdalena tapaculo (S. rodriguezi) form a distinctive clade.<p>The specific epithet honors Colombian ornithologist Humberto Álvarez-López. The English name is taken from Cerro Tatamá, the highest peak in the mountains where the Tatama tapaculo lives.
- 学名
- Scytalopus alvarezlopezi
- 命名信息
- Stiles, Laverde-R, O & Cadena, 2017
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Rhinocryptidae
- 属
- Scytalopus
分布与栖息地
The Tatama tapaculo is found primarily on the west side of the West Andes of Colombia, though it "spills over" to the east side of some ridges. It inhabits dense undergrowth in primary cloud forest but apparently shuns secondary forest. On the west side it is found from about 1,300 to 1,750 m (4,270 to 5,740 ft) elevation but on the east side can be found as high as 2,200 m (7,200 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Stiles et al (2017) provide the only information. The Tatama tapaculo forages for arthropods in leaf litter while walking and hopping on the ground and also flutters up to a half meter above the ground to pick prey from foliage.<p>Both the holotype and paratype of the Tatama tapaculo had enlarged gonads, which Stiles et al (2017) suggest means that the species breeds in the northern summer, when rainfall is at its lowest.<p>The Tatama tapaculo's song is "a seemingly endless, machine-like series of short, unmodulated, frog-like phrases, each involving c. 7–9 nearly identical notes, which can be repeated up to 1.5 minutes, or more" [1].
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Olive Flycatcher
Mitrephanes olivaceus
A perky, pewee-like flycatcher found in humid forest along the east slope of the Andes. The combination of its small size, buffy-olive plumage, and obvious crest is unique within its range. Often perches in a conspicuous location, looking around excitedly for insects to chase, and readily joins mixed-species flocks. Typical vocalization is a series of soft tick notes which is often followed by a high pitched “seep.”
Red-faced Parrot
Hapalopsittaca pyrrhops
Rare and threatened parrot found only in high Andean forest in southern Ecuador and adjacent parts of northern Peru. Small compared to most other parrots. Red face is bordered with patches of blue and yellow. Wings are green and blue with red on the shoulder. Usually encountered in pairs or small flocks that fly over the forest and then disappear into the canopy, where they can be very hard to pick out as they forage for fruit behind the foliage.
Gray-hooded Attila
Attila rufus
Large flycatcher found at all levels of humid forests; occasionally accompanying mixed-species flocks. The head is gray while the upperparts and breast are rufous and the underparts are yellowish. The subspecies in Bahia has a partially rufous throat and a white chin. Similar to the smaller Rufous-tailed Attila, but lacks the rufous throat. Typically sits motionlessly before flycatching. Its voice is a far-carrying series of “wee” whistled notes repeated for long periods.
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