Stripe-breasted Starthroat
Heliomaster squamosus
A large hummingbird found in forest and semiopen habitats such as savannas. Males have a green body bisected by a white stripe on the belly. Also note the dazzling metallic-pink gorget and blueish forehead on males. Females are grayish-green above and below with a white stripe down the center and a scaly-looking throat.
识别特征
The stripe-breasted starthroat is 11.2 to 12.4 cm (4.4 to 4.9 in) long and weighs 5 to 6.5 g (0.18 to 0.23 oz). Both sexes have a long, slightly decurved, black bill, a white streak behind the eye, and a white "moustache". Both have a forked tail but the female's is less deeply indented than the male's. Males in breeding plumage have bronzy green upperparts with an iridescent green crown. Their gorget is glittering violet and the sides of it flare out. Their underparts are greenish black with a white stripe down the middle. The central tail feathers are black and the rest dark blue-green. After breeding its throat molts to grayish with black spots. Females' upperparts are like the male's. The throat feathers are blackish green with white edges. The chest and belly are grayish with a white stripe down the middle and the flanks are greenish. The tail is green and the outer feathers have a steel blue band near the end and white tips.
分类信息
At one time the stripe-breasted starthroat was placed in genus Lepidolarynx but since the mid-1900s has had its current placement in Heliomaster. It is monotypic.
- 学名
- Heliomaster squamosus
- 命名信息
- (Temminck, 1823)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Heliomaster
分布与栖息地
The stripe-breasted starthroat is found in eastern Brazil from Pernambuco south to São Paulo state. It has also been recorded as a vagrant in Argentina's Iguazú National Park. It inhabits forest and savannah at elevations from sea level to 800 m (2,600 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The stripe-breasted starthroat is essentially sedentary but may occasionally wander to higher elevations than usual.<p>The stripe-breasted starthroat feeds on nectar from a wide variety of flowering plants. It typically forages between 3 and 8 m (10 and 30 ft) above the ground. It is territorial, but defends flower patches from others of its species more than from other hummingbirds. In addition to nectar, it also feeds on small insects captured by hawking.<p>The stripe-breasted starthroat's breeding season is usually February to April but it has been recorded incubating in November. It makes a small cup nest and usually sites it on a horizontal tree branch 6 to 8 m (20 to 30 ft) above the ground. Some nests have been seen higher, and at least one has been seen on a utility wire. The female incubates the clutch of two eggs for 14 to 16 days and fledging occurs 21 to 24 days after hatch.<p>What is thought to be the stripe-breasted starthroat's song is "a subdued, buzzy scratchy warble 'bzzzrrrr..bzzzrrr..chi-chi-chi-chi..bzrrr'." It also makes "a liquid 'tsik'" call.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Tapajos Antpitta
Myrmothera subcanescens
Retiring species, almost tailless with very long robust legs. Has a reddish brown-back and white underparts streaked olive-gray. Hops, or occasionally walks very quietly, on the ground of humid forest, normally close to fallen trees in dense undergrowth. Song is a haunting series of low hollow notes that increase in volume, audible from a long distance.
Northern Variable Pitohui
Pitohui kirhocephalus
A fairly large bird of lowland and foothill secondary forest and edge. As the name suggests, a variably plumaged bird. All have rufous underparts, but one is all rufous with yellow bill, the rest have dark bill and dark wings, some with blackish and others with gray hood. All rufous birds are similar to Rusty Pitohui but lack the white eye. Black headed birds are almost identical to Hooded Pitohui, but Northern Variable is slightly larger and found at lower elevations. The variable song is a medium-pitch, warbled jumble and call, a nasal grating.
Black-billed Scythebill
Campylorhamphus falcularius
Medium-sized woodcreeper with a remarkable long, slender decurved bill that it uses to probe holes and crevices for insects. Note the pale throat and heavy streaking on the head and upper breast. Found in montane forests and second growth usually near bamboo groves. Occasionally follows mixed-species flocks.
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