Rufous-necked Foliage-gleaner
Syndactyla ruficollis
Relatively brightly-colored foliage-gleaner restricted to mountains and hills of southwestern Ecuador and northwestern Peru. It has an orange nape and sides of neck, a cinnamon tail, buffy eyebrow and throat, and buffy streaks on the underparts. Sexes look alike. Found in both dry and humid forest, including areas with abundant bamboo, and typically seen at lower to middle levels. Song is a harsh, scratchy “bouncing ball” series. Threatened by habitat loss.
识别特征
The rufous-necked foliage-gleaner is 18 to 19 cm (7.1 to 7.5 in) long and weighs 29 to 39 g (1.0 to 1.4 oz). It is a largish furnariid with a less wedge-shaped bill than others of its genus. The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have an orange-rufous supercilium that extends to the nape; a dark brownish band behind the eye; grizzled grayish, dark brownish, and buff lores and ear coverts; and an orange-rufous to ochraceous buff area below the eye. Their crown is dark rufescent brown and they have an ill-defined collar of rufous streaks and spots. Their back is rich rusty brown with long thin buff streaks, their rump a redder brown, and their uppertail coverts bright chestnut. Their tail is dark chestnut and their wings are rich rusty brown with slightly darker primary coverts. Their chin is pale tawny-ochraceous, their throat more intensely ochracous, their breast olivaceous-brown with blurry rufescent buff streaks, their belly medium olivaceous brown, their flanks a slightly darker brown with a rufescent tinge, and their undertail coverts dark rufous. Their iris is brown, their maxilla dark brown to blackish, their mandible pale brownish or pale grayish, and their legs and feet grayish olive or olive-greenish. Juveniles are generally duller overall than adults, with a duskier (less brownish) crown and some dark brown edges on the throat feathers.
分类信息
The rufous-necked foliage-gleaner was previously placed in genus Automolus but a 2011 publication showed that it belongs in Syndactyla. It and the lineated foliage-gleaner (S. subalaris) are sister species.<p>The rufous-necked foliage-gleaner is monotypic.
- 学名
- Syndactyla ruficollis
- 命名信息
- (Taczanowski, 1884)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Syndactyla
分布与栖息地
The rufous-necked foliage-gleaner is found in coastal hills and the western slope of the Andes in Ecuador's El Oro and Loja provinces and in northwestern Peru as far south as the Department of Lambayeque. It inhabits montane evergreen forest and tropical deciduous woodlands, where it favors bamboo, streamsides, and shady ravines. In elevation it mostly ranges from 1,000 to 2,600 m (3,300 to 8,500 ft) but occurs occasionally as low as 400 m (1,300 ft) and as high as 2,900 m (9,500 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The rufous-necked foliage-gleaner is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The rufous-necked foliage-gleaner feeds mostly on arthropods. It typically forages singly or in pairs and readily joins mixed-species feeding flocks. It mostly forages from the forest's understory to its mid levels. It gleans and probes for its prey among debris, moss, bamboo stems, ferns, and bromeliads while hitching along branches and trunks. It occasionally forages in leaf litter on the ground.<p>The rufous-necked foliage-gleaner is thought to breed in the local wet season of January to May. Nothing else is known about its breeding biology.<p>The rufous-necked foliage-gleaner's song is "a harsh, nasal 'chick, chick, che-che, tirrrrrr', 2–3 seconds long, final note downward-inflected". Its contact call has been described as a "sharp, nasal 'ank' or 'chech' ".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Gray Seedeater
Sporophila intermedia
Small finchlike bird. Male plain gray with white belly, small white patch at base of primaries, and thick yellow or pinkish-colored bill with curved culmen. No wingbars. Female fairly rich medium brown, extremely similar to other female seedeaters, especially Slate-colored. Note dark blackish bill, but even that is not a foolproof field mark. Generally quite common in open grasslands, edges of second growth, and shrubbery. Usually in small flocks, sometimes mixing with other seedeater species.
Black-naped Fruit-Dove
Ptilinopus melanospilus
Green-bodied dove of wooded areas, from mangroves and gardens to the forest interior. Often on offshore islands. Male has a pale face and namesake black nape patch; female is green overall with a pale yellow eyering. Like many other forest doves and pigeons, often sits still for long periods of time and can be difficult to spot up in the canopy; listen for its rising coos. Sometimes gathers at fruiting trees.
White-faced Ground-Sparrow
Melozone biarcuata
Rather local large sparrow of foothills and highlands in Chiapas and northern Central America. Found in brushy woodland and edge and overgrown clearings; usually on or near the ground and often in pairs. Like other ground-sparrows, spends most of its time skulking in shady and often dense cover. Head pattern is distinctive: rusty cap, white face with a beady dark eye, and dark sideburn patch.
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