Bahia Antwren
Herpsilochmus pileatus
Small, long-tailed antwren. Males resemble many other antwrens, mostly gray with a black cap, a long white eyebrow, and a black eye-stripe. Females have a streaked crown and a buffy forehead and underparts. Inhabits the middle levels and canopy of coastal forest (restinga), where it forages singly or accompanying mixed-species flocks. Sings a series of 4-7 notes that accelerate gradually and then decelerate slightly at the end.
识别特征
The Bahia antwren is 10.5 to 11 cm (4.1 to 4.3 in) long and weighs about 9 g (0.32 oz). Adult males have a black crown and nape, a long white to pale gray supercilium, and a black streak through the eye. The rest of their upperparts are gray with white-edged blackish scapulars and a white patch between them. Their wings are black with white tips on the coverts and white edges on the flight feathers. Their tail is black with white feather tips and white edges on the outermost. Their underparts are white with a gray wash. Adult females have a buffish forehead and black and white streaked crown. Their upperparts are gray with an olive tinge and their underparts white with an ochraceous tinge.
分类信息
The Bahia antwren has a rather tortuous taxonomic history. At one time its binomial Herpsilocmus pileatus applied to what is now the caatinga antwren (later H. sellowi and since 2021 Radinopsyche sellowi). What are now the black-capped antwren (H. atricapillus) and creamy-bellied antwren (H. motacilloides) were treated as conspecific with the Bahia antwren. The splitting into three species and the revision of binomials was achieved by the early 2000s. The Bahia and black-capped antwrens are now considered sister species.<p>The Bahia antwren is monotypic.
- 学名
- Herpsilochmus pileatus
- 命名信息
- (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Herpsilochmus
分布与栖息地
The Bahia antwren is found in coastal Bahia, Brazil, from south of Salvador to the area of Transcoso. It inhabits the mid-storey to the canopy of restinga woodlands, generally those on sandy soils. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 840 m (2,800 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Bahia antwren is believed to be a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The Bahia antwren's diet has not been detailed but includes insects and probably spiders. It forages singly, in pairs, and in family groups and sometimes as a member of a mixed-species feeding flock. It typically forages from about 5 m (20 ft) above the ground to the canopy but will feed lower in scrubby areas. It usually captures prey by gleaning from foliage, stems, vines, and branches, mostly by reaching or short lunges from a perch. It sometimes makes short sallies to grab prey or to hover-glean.<p>Nothing is known about the Bahia antwren's breeding biology.<p>The Bahia antwren's song is a "fast series of very high, rising 'toot' notes, accelerating to a rattle" and lasts two to three seconds. Its calls include a "short note sounding like 'greep' " and a "rather slow-paced rattle".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Siberian Crane
Leucogeranus leucogeranus
Rare and declining, but still fairly abundant at its main wintering grounds at Poyang Lake, in China’s Jiangxi Province. Adult is unmistakable with all-white plumage, save for a crimson face and black wingtips. Juveniles are whitish, with a light brown head, neck, back, and wings. Typically found around lake edges and fields, where it forages in small to medium-sized groups, primarily for plant matter and invertebrates.
Speckled Spinetail
Thripophaga gutturata
Fairly small, long-tailed reddish-and-tan bird. Light brown body, with reddish tail, wings, and crown, and prominent fine black spotting in the face and breast. Usually forages singly or in pairs in the midstory of mature or secondary rainforest, often with mixed-species flocks. Tail appears very reddish, even from below; smaller than similar foliage-gleaners, which are often present in the same flocks. Its song is an often overlooked, even-paced series of very high notes.
Black-and-white Bulbul
Microtarsus melanoleucos
While highly distinctive, this bulbul can be irruptive and moves in flocks over a wide range; it is thus infrequently encountered. Both sexes are dark with white shoulder patches; female is slightly browner. Moves through lowland and foothill evergreen forest and forest edge. Forages throughout all forest levels, but most common in upper levels, where it often gathers in the crowns of fruiting trees. Occasionally gives abrupt metallic ‘ching!’
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