Sumichrast's Wren
Hylorchilus sumichrasti
Very local in humid evergreen forest of limestone (karst) lowlands and foothills in northern Oaxaca and adjacent Veracruz; endemic. Stays on or near the ground, moving quickly among limestone boulders, popping in and out of caves and crevices. Like most wrens, heard more often than seen, but can be curious; sometimes appears at close range, bobbing and holding its tail cocked. Distinctive: rather chunky with a very long bill, a pale gray face marked with a dark cheek patch, and a rusty breast.
识别特征
Sumichrast's wren is 15 to 16.5 cm (5.9 to 6.5 in) long; a female weighed 28.4 g (1.00 oz). The adults have uniform deep brown crowns, napes, and backs; their rumps are a sooty brown. Their chin and throat are buff that deepens through the breast into the flanks and belly. The breast has faint dark bars and the belly has tiny white dots. The juvenile is similar, but its throat has a dirty look and faint dusky scales, its underparts are darker, and the breast and belly markings are fainter.
分类信息
Sumichrast's wren is monotypic. A former subspecies, Hylorchilus sumichrasti navai was elevated to species status as Nava's wren in the 1990s.<p>The common name of this species commemorates the Mexican naturalist François Sumichrast.
- 学名
- Hylorchilus sumichrasti
- 命名信息
- (Lawrence, 1871)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Troglodytidae
- 属
- Hylorchilus
分布与栖息地
Sumichrast's wren occurs in a small area of Mexico, from central Veracruz into northern Oaxaca. It inhabits the understory of humid forest, both evergreen and semi-deciduous, and also shady coffee plantations. However, it is found only in scattered sites that have extensive limestone outcroppings. In elevation it ranges from 75 to 1,000 m (246 to 3,281 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The diet of Sumichrast's wren is primarily arthropods and other invertebrates such as snails and worms, and also includes small fruit as a minor component. It forages on and very near the ground with hops and short flights, probing into crevices for prey and occasionally snatching a flying insect that passes it.<p>Active Sumichrast's wren nests have been found in May. The nest is a cup made of grass, roots, and other materials and placed in a cave or crevice. Both sexes provide the materials but only the female builds it. The clutch size is three. The male brings food to the female during incubation and both sexes provision nestlings.<p>The male Sumichrast's wren sings "a varied descending series of loud, rich whistles" [1]. The female sings "a simple phrase consisting of a single repeated syllable". One of its calls is [2].
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Red-tailed Bristlebill
Bleda syndactylus
A large greenbul often found close to the ground in areas with large trees and open understory, and occasionally in forest edge and other more open habitats. Largely olive-green above and greenish-yellow below with a yellow throat, bright blue facial skin around the eye, a large, angular, laterally compressed bill, and a long red tail. Song is a haunting, resonant series of descending whistles, “WHUUUR-WHUUR-WHUUR-WHUR,” with each note often quavering.
Rosy-billed Pochard
Netta peposaca
Males are unmistakable with a black head, back, and tail, white vent, gray sides, and a striking red bill with a swollen lump at the base. Females are dull brown with a dark bill, white belly, and white eyerings. Both sexes have striking white flight feathers. Generally found in fresh and saline wetlands with abundant vegetation.
Yellow-bridled Finch
Melanodera xanthogramma
Handsome, stocky, and generally uncommon “finch” (actually a tanager) of bleak rocky slopes and bogs above timberline in Andes and Tierra del Fuego; southern birds also range to coastal lowlands in winter. Sides of tail white on northern birds, yellow on southern. Male has black throat framed by diagnostic yellow bridle; head and body either blue-gray overall or strongly washed greenish yellow. Female streaky overall, best identified by presence of males, and white (northern) or yellow (southern) edgings to tail feathers.
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