Black-fronted Wood-Quail
Odontophorus atrifrons
A stout-billed, robust quail with a black face and very short crest. Mostly brown upperparts and gray-brown underparts, both finely barred. Nape is chestnut, throat black, underparts boldly dotted white, and upperparts streaked with white. Hard to see but common by voice, often in small groups walking on floor of cloud forest, most often in mature forest. Voice is an antiphonal song, generally in duets. Black face and throat diagnostic. Found only in northeastern Colombia and extreme western Venezuela.
识别特征
The black-fronted wood quail is 24 to 30 cm (9.4 to 11.8 in) long. Males are estimated to weigh 311 g (11.0 oz) and females 298 g (10.5 oz). Both sexes have a distinctive black forehead ("front"), face, and throat. Adult males of the nominate subspecies have a reddish brown crown, a gray back with black vermiculation, and a browner rump. The closed wing shows small white spots. Its breast is blackish brown. The adult female is similar but has more reddish underparts. The juvenile is similar to the female. O. a. variegatus has a larger area of black on the crown than the nominate, its back is browner with a more intricate pattern, and its wings and belly have cinnamon tones. O. a. navai also has a larger area of black on the crown and its body is drab dark brown with no reddish tones.
分类信息
Some authors have suggested that the black-fronted wood quail and gorgeted wood quail (Odontophorus strophium), Tacarcuna wood quail (O. dialeucos), Venezuelan wood quail (O. columbianus), and black-breasted wood quail (O. lecuolaemus) are actually a single species, but this treatment has not been accepted by the major avian taxonomic systems.<p>The black-fronted wood quail has three subspecies, the nominate O. a. atrifrons, O. a. variegatus, and O. a. navai.
- 学名
- Odontophorus atrifrons
- 命名信息
- Allen, JA, 1900
- 目
- Galliformes
- 科
- Odontophoridae
- 属
- Odontophorus
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of black-fronted wood quail is found in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta of northeastern Colombia. O. a. variegatus is found at the northern end of Colombia's eastern Andes. O. a. navai is found in Serranía del Perijá, which straddles the Colombia-Venezuela border. The species inhabits the floor of tropical and subtropical montane forest, usually at elevations between 1,200 and 3,100 m (3,900 and 10,200 ft) but as low as 700 m (2,300 ft) in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The black-fronted wood quail forages in coveys of up to 10 birds, scratching in leaf litter for insects and berries.<p>The black-fronted wood quail's breeding season appears to span at least from May to August. One nest has been found; it was a bed of dried leaves and small sticks in a hollow in the ground and contained three eggs.<p>The black-fronted wood quail's advertising call is a "rhythmic, whistled, series" described as "bob-a-white". It also has a rattling call and "gabbling calls" among covey mates.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Collared Flycatcher
Ficedula albicollis
Males are striking black-and-white flycatchers with a conspicuous complete white collar, all dark tail, and white rump. Females can be difficult to separate from other flycatchers but have a large white primary patch on the wing. Breeds in deciduous forests, nesting in cavities and quick to take advantage of nest boxes. Spends much of the non-breeding season in miombo and other broad-leaved woodlands. The song is a high-pitched series of whistled notes; alarm call is a dry "pik."
Oriole Whistler
Pachycephala orioloides
A brightly colored songbird with a bright golden belly, a black hood and chest band, and an olive upperside and wings. Throat is a golden yellow. Population on Vella Lavella and Ranongga is mostly black with a golden throat, belly, and undertail. Birds on the Russell Islands are entirely golden, brighter below. Some birds on Guadalcanal are entirely cinnamon with a brownish “shawl” and a buffy belly. Mostly inhabits primary forest, but wanders into gardens and village edges. Voice includes a mix of flute-like whistles and squeaks with loud far-carrying whipcrack notes repeated.
Orange-crowned Euphonia
Euphonia saturata
Small finchlike bird, compact and short tailed with a stout bill. Male has notably orange-tinged underparts and dark upperparts with a purplish sheen. The orange-yellow crown is extensive (not restricted to the forehead like many other euphonias). Also note the underside of the tail, which is entirely dark. Females are plain yellowish-olive overall and difficult to separate from other euphonias, especially Thick-billed, but usually seen in pairs or small groups with males. Frequents woodlands, edges, and clearings in lowlands and foothills, often in fairly dry regions. Can be found in mixed-feeding flocks with other species such as warblers and tanagers.
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