Chestnut-crowned Foliage-gleaner
Automolus rufipileatus
Common foliage-gleaner of dense vegetation and forest edges. Reddish brown with a pale yellow-orange eye and a straight, heavy bill. Favors forest edges, young forests, streams, and rivers. Extremely secretive and difficult to see as it forages in dense vegetation and vine tangles singly or in pairs. Plain reddish brown coloration and light eye help distinguish it from other foliage-gleaners. Song is often heard around dawn, a descending trill about a second long.
识别特征
The chestnut-crowned foliage-gleaner is 18 to 19 cm (7.1 to 7.5 in) long and weighs 31 to 38 g (1.1 to 1.3 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults of the nominate subspecies have a mostly rufescent brown face with a few buff streaks on the ear coverts. Their crown is dark reddish chestnut that becomes darkish warm olivaceous brown on the back. Their rump is reddish brown and their uppertail coverts reddish chestnut. Their wings are darkish rufescent brown with slightly darker primary coverts and ochraceous rufous at the bend. Their tail is dark dull chestnut. Their throat is bright buff that becomes pale buff-brown on the breast and belly. Their sides and flanks are medium dull brown and their undertail coverts dull rufescent brown. Their iris is yellow-orange to orange, their maxilla blackish to olive-gray, their mandible silvery horn to grayish olive, and their legs and feet greenish gray to yellowish olive. Juveniles have slightly duller and darker upperparts than adults and dusky edges on the breast and central belly feathers. Subspecies A. r. consobrinus has a more rufescent back and darker, more ochraceous underparts than the nominate.
分类信息
The chestnut-crowned foliage-gleaner and the brown-rumped foliage-gleaner (A. melanopezus) are sister species. The chestnut-crowned has two subspecies, the nominate A. r. rufipileatus (Pelzeln, 1859) and A. r. consobrinus (Sclater, PL, 1870).
- 学名
- Automolus rufipileatus
- 命名信息
- (Pelzeln, 1859)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Automolus
分布与栖息地
The chestnut-crowned foliage-gleaner is found in every mainland South American country except Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Subspecies A. r. consobrinus has by far the larger range of the two. It is found in the northern and western Amazon Basin from eastern Colombia east across southern Venezuela, and the Guianas to the Atlantic and south through eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, and western Brazil into northwestern Bolivia. The nominate subspecies is found in Brazil south of the Amazon between the Rio Purus and the state of Maranhão. The species primarily inhabits riverside and várzea forest, where it especially favors thickets of Guadua bamboo and Gynerium cane. It also occurs locally in bamboo patches within terra firme forest. In elevation it mostly ranges from sea level to 500 m (1,600 ft) though locally it may reach 1,300 m (4,300 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
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