Velvet-fronted Euphonia

Small, compact antbird with a short tail. Males have black-and-white streaks on the head, mantle, and underparts; brown upperparts; and rusty flanks. Females have a brownish mantle and a streaked head. Found in the understory of humid forests, favoring edges and tree-falls. The song starts with 4-5 clear and increasingly loud notes and finishes with descending harsh notes, similar to Spix’s and Rondonia Warbling-Antbirds. The call, a series of typically four screechy notes, is diagnostic of Manicore Warbling-Antbird, as are the stronger rufous edges to the tail.

Small and striking tanager, looks mostly black with shining blue head and straw-colored shoulder. Sexes alike. Most similar to Masked Tanager, but has dark (not white) belly and shoulder is buffier. Quite common in Andean foothills, with a disjunct population in Brazilian lowlands. Usually found in pairs or small groups, often following a mixed-species flock through the canopy. Occurs in forests, edges, and gardens. Visits fruit feeders.

Distinctive gamebird of farmland, grassy fields, and open heathland. Seen mainly as pairs and small groups, often along the edges of fields. Plumage is ornate and handsome, with a red bill, white throat, black streaked necklace, boldly barred flanks, and buffy belly. Other similar species (such as Chukar) do not overlap in native range, but can escape from collections or be introduced for hunting; all lack the diagnostic black-streaked necklace of Red-legged. Song is a dry, rasping “wa-cha-cha-wa-cha-cha” or “wi’ch-ch’ch.”