Spotted Redshank
Tringa erythropus
Elegant wader with a long fine bill and long reddish legs (dark on breeding adults). Striking breeding plumage dark overall. Nonbreeding plumage is paler and grayer than smaller and chunkier Common Redshank. In flight often appears dark overall with narrow white oval up middle of back. Breeds in arctic bogs and swamps; migrants occur in varied wetland habitats. Usually seen as singles or small groups, though will sometimes congregate in large flocks, especially on wintering grounds. Feeds mainly by wading in fairly deep water, probing and picking with its bill, at times swimming.
识别特征
This is a large wader (shorebird), measuring 29–31 cm (11–12 in) long, with a wingspan of 61–67 cm (24–26 in) and a weight ranging from 121 to 205 g (4.3 to 7.2 oz). It is black in breeding plumage, and very pale in winter. It has a red legs and bill, and shows a white oval on the back in flight. Juveniles are grey-brown finely speckled white above, and have pale, finely barred underparts. Adults moult completely between July and October. In spring, the body plumage is moulted between March and May. Juveniles have a partial moult between August and February. The call is a creaking whistle teu-it (somewhat similar to the call of a roseate tern), the alarm call a kyip-kyip-kyip.
分类信息
The spotted redshank was described by German zoologist Peter Simon Pallas in 1764 and given the binomial name Scolopax erythropus.It is a monotypic species, with no recognised subspecies. Taxonomically, it forms a close-knit group with several other large Tringa species, with molecular sequencing showing it to be a sister clade to that containing the greater yellowlegs and the common greenshank.
- 学名
- Tringa erythropus
- 命名信息
- (Pallas, 1764)
- 目
- Charadriiformes
- 科
- Scolopacidae
- 属
- Tringa
分布与栖息地
The spotted redshank breeds in the Arctic across much of the Palearctic, from Lapland in the west to Chukotskaya in the east.
- 繁殖区
- PAL : low Arctic to subarctic wooded tundra of n Palearctic: n, c Scandinavia e through inland Russia to c Chukotskiy Pen. (ne Siberia)
- 非繁殖区
- sw PAL, AF, OR : subtropical to tropical inland and coastal wetlands of Paleotropics (except Australasia): s British Is. and Canary Is. (Macaronesia, w of n Africa) to tropical Africa, Middle East, s, se Asia to se China and Taiwan
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
Like most waders, it feeds on small invertebrates.<p>It nests on open boggy taiga, laying four eggs in a ground scrape. For breeding the bird moults to a black to dark grey with white spots. During breeding plumage the legs also turn a dark grey. See image alongside.
保护状况
The spotted redshank is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies.
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
White-crowned Sparrow
Zonotrichia leucophrys
Large, long-tailed sparrow with striking head pattern. Adults have black and white stripes on the head, while immatures show brown and tan. Underparts are plain grayish without streaks. Bill color varies from yellow to pink, but always brighter than White-throated Sparrow. Breeds in brushy areas or thickets in open forest, often with conifers. In migration and winter, can be found in any brushy or weedy areas, often hopping on the ground. Visits feeders.
Peruvian Tern
Sternula lorata
Tiny and rather local tern of the Humboldt Current. Nests in small colonies amid bleak deserts near coast. Feeds mainly over inshore waters rather than along immediate coast, and thus not seen very frequently, but can be found on sandy beaches and at river mouths, sometimes with other terns. Identified readily by very small size and rapid deep wingbeats. Breeding adult smoky gray overall with white forehead and yellow bill. Immature and nonbreeding birds have a whiter body and reduced black on the head.
Cameroon Sunbird
Cyanomitra oritis
A common blue-headed sunbird of montane forests and forest edges, rarely found in lower-elevation foothills. Uniformly yellow-green body starkly contrasts with a dark purple-blue or green-blue iridescent head. Bill is relatively long with a noticeable curve. Visually similar to other “hooded” sunbirds, most notably Green-headed Sunbird, but Cameroon Sunbird has a uniformly colored body and a darker hood. Vocalizations include a sequence of rapid, well spaced whistles “tiu tiu tiwu tiwu tiu tiu” of variable length and pitch, rapid jumbles of mechanical whistles on varying pitches, and individual sharp “tiu!” and “tik!” calls.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。