Gray-capped Cuckoo
Coccyzus lansbergi
Brightly-colored cuckoo found mainly west of the Andes. Combination of rufous-tawny body and gray separates it from other cuckoos in range. Nests in deciduous forest, dense scrub, and savanna at lower elevations. Outside of the breeding season, it disperses widely and can be seen far from its breeding areas, including at high elevations on rare occasions. Furtive and rarely comes out into the open for long. Song is short series of soft, guttural notes; also gives a harsh churr.
识别特征
The grey-capped cuckoo is 25 to 28 cm (9.8 to 11 in) long, about half of which is the tail. Males weigh 46 to 56 g (1.6 to 2.0 oz). The species' bill is stout, somewhat decurved, and black with sometimes a gray or yellow spot at the base of the mandible. Males and females have the same plumage. Adults have a slate-gray cap to below the eye. Their upperparts and wings are rufous brown. The upper surface of their tail is black; the underside of the central pair of feathers is black and the rest black with white tips. Their eye is surrounded by a narrow ring of bare skin that is yellow, white, or yellowish gray. Their underparts are dark rufous buff. Juveniles are similar to adults but have a brown crown and less white on the tail.
分类信息
The grey-capped cuckoo is more closely related to the Caribbean species of genus Coccyzus than it is to the others found in South America. The species is monotypic.
- 学名
- Coccyzus lansbergi
- 命名信息
- Bonaparte, 1850
- 目
- Cuculiformes
- 科
- Cuculidae
- 属
- Coccyzus
分布与栖息地
The grey-capped cuckoo has two separate populations. One is in northern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela and the other in western Ecuador and extreme northern Peru. The species has been documented as a vagrant on Bonaire (an island off the Venezuelan coast) and on the Galapagos Islands. Two reports from Panama have apparently not been accepted by the North American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society.<p>The grey-capped cuckoo inhabits a variety of landscapes including tropical moist to dry semi-deciduous forest, arid forest, gallery forest, and shrubby savanna. In elevation it mostly ranges from sea level to 800 m (2,600 ft) in Peru, to 1,800 m (5,900 ft) in Ecuador, to 600 m (2,000 ft) in Colombia, and to 1,400 m (4,600 ft) in Venezuela. There are a few records from higher elevations.
- 繁殖区
- SA : Colombia and Venezuela
- 非繁殖区
- w SA
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
The grey-capped cuckoo is partially or wholly migratory, but the timing and locations involved are poorly known. Migration might be within each separate area rather than between them.<p>The grey-capped cuckoo feeds on insects; caterpillars and some wasps appear to form the bulk of its diet.<p>The grey-capped cuckoo's breeding season in Ecuador may be as long as from January to June, but details there and in the rest of its range are lacking. Its nest is a platform of twigs lined with lichens placed on a horizontal branch between about 0.4 and 5 metres (1 and 20 ft) above the ground and concealed by foliage. The clutch size is two to five eggs. Both parents incubate the eggs over nine to 12 days and fledging occurs eight to 13 days after hatch. Incubation begins with the first egg laid so hatching is asynchronous and the young differ in size.<p>The grey-capped cuckoo's song is a "[f]ast series of 6–8 hollow and falling 'cu' notes, often with a slight pause before the last note, e.g., 'cucucucucucucu-cu'." It may be repeated several times during each song bout.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Marañon Gnatcatcher
Polioptila maior
Tiny gray-and-white bird with long cocked tail and rather long slender bill. Fairly common in dry and semi-dry forest in the Marañón Valley; recently also discovered in dry valleys as far south as northern Lima. Often in pairs, traveling with mixed-species flocks. Male has a solid black cap, female has a bold white eyebrow. Generally the only gnatcatcher in range, but compared to White-browed Gnatcatcher, note the white forehead in female Marañon, and lack of white eyebrow in the male.
Violet-throated Metaltail
Metallura baroni
High-elevation hummingbird endemic to the Andes of southern Ecuador. Plumage is mostly green with a purple throat, and tail is blue on top and greenish underneath. Bill is short and straight. Female has underparts scaled with gray or buff. Compared to the common and widespread Tyrian Metaltail, Violet-throated lacks a rusty tail and has a purple (not green or buffy) throat. Inhabits montane scrub and edge of stunted forest. Most sightings come from in and around Cajas National Park.
Genovesa Cactus-Finch
Geospiza propinqua
This Galápagos finch is confined to the island of Genovesa. It has a fairly large bill that appears slightly elongated. The only other finch on Genovesa with a similarly-sized bill is Large Ground-Finch. Compared to that species, Genovesa Cactus-Finch has a smaller, less rounded bill that is noticeably longer than it is deep. Bill is pure black on breeding male, and marked with yellow or orange on female and non-breeding male. Male’s plumage is sooty-black; female is brown with paler underparts that are blotched with gray. Common in arid areas near the coast, and often seen feeding on prickly pear flowers.
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