White-bellied Woodstar
Chaetocercus mulsant
Woodstars are tiny hummingbirds that fly like large bumblebees. White-bellied is an Andean species found from Colombia to Bolivia. Males are mostly emerald green above with a bright white chest and belly, dark green sides, a glittering purple throat, and a forked tail. Their wings make a distinctive metallic whirring in flight. Females have a white throat, white eyeline, and rich buffy flanks. Both sexes have very prominent white patches on the sides of the lower back. Females in particular can be difficult to distinguish from other woodstars; look for their brighter and better-defined white belly patch and larger white patches on the sides of the lower back. Look for this species in a variety of wooded habitats, scrub, and gardens in the highlands from from 1,100-3,500m. Visits feeders.
识别特征
The white-bellied woodstar is about 8.5 cm (3.3 in) long and weighs about 3.8 to 4 g (0.13 to 0.14 oz). Both sexes have a straightish black bill. The male's upperparts are dark bluish green which continues onto the flanks. A downcurving white line behind the eye meets the white upper breast. Its gorget is iridescent reddish violet. The belly is white as are patches on the flanks. The forked tail is bluish green and its outermost feathers are shafts with no vanes. The female is bronzy green above. It has a grayish "mask" and a buff stripe behind the eye. Its throat is pale cinnamon, the belly white, and the flanks tawny. Its tail is rounded; the central feathers are green and the others cinnamon with a wide black band near the end.
分类信息
The white-bellied woodstar and several other species in genus Chaetocercus were formerly placed in genus Acestrura but have been in their current position since the late 20th century. The species is monotypic.
- 学名
- Chaetocercus mulsant
- 命名信息
- (Bourcier, 1843)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Chaetocercus
分布与栖息地
The white-bellied woodstar is found from the Central and Eastern Andes of Colombia south discontinuously through Ecuador and Peru into Bolivia as far as Cochabamba Department. It inhabits the edges of humid forest, pastures, and cultivated areas. In elevation it is most common between 2,200 and 2,800 m (7,200 and 9,200 ft) but is regularly found as low as 1,500 m (4,900 ft) and there are reports as high as 4,000 m (13,000 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The white-bellied woodstar is mainly sedentary though the records up to 4000 m suggest that it makes seasonal elevational movements.<p>The white-bellied woodstar forages at all levels of vegetation, taking nectar from a variety of flowering plants and trees including Agave, Inga, and Lantana. It also eats small arthropods. It does not defend feeding territories, and because of its small size and slow bumblebee-like flight it is able to feed in the territories of other hummingbirds.<p>Almost nothing is known about the white-bellied woodstar's breeding phenology. One nest was discovered in April in Ecuador; it was about 10 m (30 ft) up in tree.<p>The white-bellied woodstar's calls include "a rather low-pitched 'djup' note and [a] higher-pitched dull 'chip'."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Pacific Tuftedcheek
Pseudocolaptes johnsoni
Handsome arboreal bird restricted to wet cloud forest in the western Andes. Its conspicuous neck tufts are often tinged with buff and can be flared out if the bird is excited or agitated. Similar to Streaked Tuftedcheek, but neck markings are usually tinged buffy (not pure white) and appear more like discreet patches rather than a single, unbroken scarf. Also note its darker chestnut plumage and unstreaked back. Probes epiphytes or clumps of moss high up in large trees, and often accompanies mixed species flocks. Song is a rattle followed by a thin, descending whistle, and is often preceded by a series of sharp, metallic chip notes. Formerly considered a subspecies of Buffy Tuftedcheek.
Baird's Trogon
Trogon bairdii
Unique trogon with dark purplish head and breast, turquoise back, white undertail, and pale blue bill and eyering. No white band between chest and belly. Female mostly gray with red belly, perhaps most similar to Slaty-tailed Trogon but note pale blue eyering, gray bill, and thin white bars on undertail. Limited range. Look for a bird sitting upright and still at middle levels in the forest, slowly turning head searching for prey. Usually single or in pairs. Song is a fairly fast, accelerating series of cluck notes.
Vinaceous Dove
Streptopelia vinacea
A fairly plain, typical-looking dove that is the default dove in much of the Sahel of northern Africa. The head and breast are pinkish-gray, and the neck has a black mark. The gray bars across the wings and white corners to the tail are conspicuous in flight. Found in a wide variety of savanna, woodland, and cultivated areas, often in small flocks. Very similar to Ring-necked Dove and best distinguished by call, but also has a pinkish rather than pure gray forehead. African Collared-Dove is also similar, but Vinaceous Dove is darker overall, especially on the underwings. The typical call is a fast series of two higher coo notes followed by one lower coo, often given for long periods.
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