White-bellied Parrot
Pionites leucogaster
Fairly small, short-tailed parrot of lowland rainforest. Green backed with a yellow head and white and yellow underparts. Smaller than other short-tailed parrots and appears big headed. Usually forages and flies in pairs or small groups around the rainforest canopy. Listen for high, buzzing screeches.
识别特征
The white-bellied parrot is 23 to 25 cm (9.1 to 9.8 in) long and weighs about 155 g (5.5 oz). It is a chunky, short-tailed parrot. The sexes are the same. Adults of the nominate subspecies P. l. leucogaster have mostly yellow heads with orange crowns and napes. Their upperparts are mostly dull green with a bright green rump. Their throat, the sides of their neck, their breast, and their vent are yellow. Also, their lower breast and belly are white with bright green thigh feathers. Their wing is mostly dull green with reddish-orange axillaries and dark blue primaries. Their tail is bright green. Furthermore, their bill is pale horn colored with a bright pinkish cere, their iris reddish brown, and their legs and feet bright pink. Immature birds are similar to adults but with a brownish crown and nape.<p>Subspecies P. l. xanthomerius has an apricot-orange crown and nape, yellow thigh feathers, and blackish legs and feet. P. l. xanthurus also has an apricot-orange crown and nape and yellow thigh feathers. Its tail is yellow. It has the same pinkish legs and feet as the nominate. Both of these subspecies intergrade with each other and with the nominate.<p>The white breast feathers of the white-bellied parrot are often stained a chestnut brown (or "isobel") color. This may be due to tannin staining, as result of their particular affinity for bathing by rubbing their bodies against wet leaves and other plant matter. The head and nape plumage of the white-bellied parrot has been observed to fluoresce strongly under ultraviolet light.
分类信息
The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society, the International Ornithological Committee, and the Clements taxonomy assign these three subspecies to the white-bellied parrot:<p>BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) treats all three as separate species, the "black-legged", "yellow-tailed", and "green-thighed" parrots respectively. The three have also been called the "western", "central", and "eastern" white-bellied parrots. Note that the range map is that of the nominate subspecies P. l. leucogaster.
- 学名
- Pionites leucogaster
- 命名信息
- (Kuhl, 1820)
- 目
- Psittaciformes
- 科
- Psittacidae
- 属
- Pionites
分布与栖息地
The subspecies of the white-bellied parrot are found thus:<p>All three subspecies of the white-bellied parrot inhabit humid tropical forests, both terra firme and várzea. They seem to prefer the forest's edges and openings in it to the closed interior. The nominate subspecies is also found in small numbers in drier forests at the southern reaches of its range.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Nothing is known about the white-bellied parrot's movement patterns, if any.<p>Little is known about the white-bellied parrot's foraging technique or diet, though the latter includes fruits of trees and palms and also flowers.<p>The nominate subspecies of the white-bellied parrot nests between November and January; P. l. xanthomerius is thought to nest between August and December. Both nest in tree cavities. Their clutch size appears to be two to four eggs. Nothing further is known about their breeding biology. Nothing is known about that of P. l. xanthurus, though it is assumed to be essentially the same as that of the other two subspecies.<p>The white-bellied parrot's flight call is "a high-pitched, harsh, squealing “sqheee .. sqheee”." It also makes "from loud high-pitched “kree-ee-ee” or “skeeew” notes to more melodious whistles and subdued “kee-ah-u” or “kew” calls" when perched.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Chestnut-winged Chachalaca
Ortalis garrula
Long-tailed, chickenlike bird restricted to the lowlands of northern Colombia. The chestnut wings may be hidden from view when the bird is perched. It can be separated from the similar Rufous-vented Chachalaca by its white belly and pale (not rusty) tail tips. Distinguished from Colombian Chachalaca by lack of scaling on head and breast. Inhabits lightly wooded areas and mangroves. Easier to see early in the morning and late in the afternoon when it often perches up in the open and gives loud, raucous calls.
Ayres's Hawk-Eagle
Hieraaetus ayresii
Small black-and-white eagle. Has a compact, powerful shape, and the hint of a crest. The upperparts are black, and there are heavy black markings on the underparts and evenly across the underwing. Found in thick woodland and forest. Soars frequently. Call is a loud, repeated “kwee-ya.” Similar to other hawk-eagles, but has more heavily marked underparts. Easily separated in flight, when Ayres’s Hawk-Eagle shows black barring across the entire underwing.
Black-throated Flowerpiercer
Diglossa brunneiventris
Sharply dressed flowerpiercer with two disjunct populations: one found throughout much of Peru into northern Bolivia, the other isolated in northern Colombia. Looks mostly dark with black upperparts and chestnut belly. Note contrasting chestnut mustache stripe on otherwise black head, and silvery sides and shoulders. Found singly or in pairs, usually foraging in low scrubby vegetation at forest edge or in gardens. Often frequents relatively dry habitats that are not fully forested.
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