Apricot-breasted Sunbird
Cinnyris buettikoferi
Male is a distinctive, long-billed sunbird with iridescent purplish-blue throat, yellow breast and belly, and diagnostic bright orange patch on chest. Female is grayish-olive with a yellow eyebrow and dull yellow underparts. Singles or pairs can be found in lightly wooded areas, forest edge, and plantations within lowlands and low hills. Confined to the island of Sumba. Female has a thinner, longer bill than female Brown-throated Sunbird, and further differs in presence of yellow eyebrow. Gives a very high-pitched undulating, warbling song. Calls include “tzit” and “tew” notes and a repetitive “weet-weet-weet…”.
识别特征
The apricot-breasted sunbird is a medium-sized sunbird, measuring 11 cm (4.3 in) in length. The male has an olive-brown back and neck with a greyer-brown crown, a somewhat glossy, blackish tail tipped with brown, and brown flight feathers edged in green. His underparts are largely yellow, though from chin to upper breast is an iridescent purplish-blue, with an orange breast band caudal to that. The female is similar to the male, but her whole underside is yellow, with olive-green sides to the breast. Both sexes have blackish feet and dark brown irises. The male's bill is black, while the female's is dark brown. The juvenile is undescribed.
分类信息
German ornithologist Ernst Hartert first described the apricot-breasted sunbird with the scientific name Cinnyris büttikoferi in 1896, using a specimen collected on the Indonesian island of Sumba, which is part of the central Lesser Sunda Islands. It is a monotypic species, though it is sometimes considered conspecific with the olive-backed sunbird.<p>The genus name Cinnyris is from the Greek kinnuris (κιννυρις), the name given to a small (but unidentified) bird by the Greek author Hesychius. The species name honors Swiss zoologist Johann Büttikofer, who had described several females but refrained from naming them as a new species, as he hadn't seen any males.
- 学名
- Cinnyris buettikoferi
- 命名信息
- Hartert, EJO, 1896
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Nectariniidae
- 属
- Cinnyris
分布与栖息地
Endemic to Sumba, the apricot-breasted sunbird is found at elevations ranging from sea level to at least 950 m (3,120 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Though the apricot-breasted sunbird is common on Sumba, with an estimated population of 750,000, little is known about its biology. It is typically conspicuous, and generally found singly or in pairs. Though it forages primarily in the mid-storey to canopy (or occasionally lower), nothing is known about its diet. Its breeding is equally mysterious, with nothing known about courtship behaviour, nest, eggs or young.
保护状况
Because of its large and apparently stable population, the apricot-breasted sunbird has been rated as a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Although it is confined to Sumba, it is found all across the island — an area of roughly 13,100 km2 (5,100 sq mi).
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Swallow-tailed Nightjar
Uropsalis segmentata
Brown and buff night bird found in higher elevations of the Andes. Male has an impressively long tail that is several times the length of its body. Similar to Lyre-tailed Nightjar, which is found at slightly lower elevations, but Swallow-tailed does not have as strong of a cinnamon collar on back of neck, and male lacks white tips to the tail seen on Lyre-tailed. Female might be confused with Band-winged Nightjar, but Swallow-tailed does not have white patches on the wings. Inhabits forest edge and is often found near road cuts, cliffs, and landslides, where it sallies out to catch insects on the wing. Male’s song is an eerie, raspy whistle that first rises in pitch and then falls.
Choco Tapaculo
Scytalopus chocoensis
A standard Scytalopus tapaculo: plain dark gray with browner flanks and rump. Acts like a mouse, scurrying around on or near the ground within forests. Very difficult to see. Restricted range on west slope of Andes in Colombia and Ecuador. Occurs from around 350–1,000 m elevation, lower than Nariño Tapaculo. Far more often heard than seen. Listen for fairly slow series of piercing “peew” notes, much slower than Nariño.
Jalca Tapaculo
Scytalopus frankeae
Long known to ornithologists as something different (and informally called “Millpo Tapaculo”), this bird was finally described as a new species in 2020. It inhabits grassy, rock-strewn areas above tree line at high elevations in the eastern Andes of central Peru. Plumage is mainly gray with tan rear parts that are faintly barred, and it sometimes shows a faint, whitish eyebrow; female is browner than male. Similar in appearance to several other tapaculos, and best identified by range and voice. Song, often given from atop a rock, is a seemingly endless series of raspy chip notes.
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