Tepui Toucanet
Aulacorhynchus whitelianus
Small green toucan of tepui highlands; unique in range. Appears slender and small-billed with mostly green plumage contrasting with reddish bill and chestnut tail feather tips. Found in mossy highland forest, generally above 800 meters, where groups move through canopy searching for fruit; sometimes moves with other bird species and will congregate around fruiting trees. Not particularly vocal and surprisingly easy to overlook. Call is a wailing grunt, given in a rhythmic series, sometimes for extended periods with short breaks; it is unlike any other bird vocalization in this species’s limited range.
识别特征
The tepui toucanet is 33 to 41 cm (13 to 16 in) long and weighs 117 to 160 g (4.1 to 5.6 oz). Its bill is deep red and black with a vertical white line at its base and grooves on the maxilla. The sexes are alike. Their plumage is generally green, with a white throat, yellow-green undertail coverts, and some blue beneath the eye. The nominate subspecies has short dull rufous tips on the tail feathers. Subspecies A. w. duidae is larger than the nominate and larger rufous tail tips. A. w. osgoodi is smaller than the nominate, has no rufous on the tail, and has less blue beneath the eye.
分类信息
The tepui toucanet and what is now the chestnut-tipped toucanet (A. derbianus) were for a time considered conspecific. They were separated by major taxonomic systems beginning in 2011.<p>The tepui toucanet has three subspecies:
- 学名
- Aulacorhynchus whitelianus
- 命名信息
- Salvin & Godman, 1882
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Ramphastidae
- 属
- Aulacorhynchus
分布与栖息地
The subspecies of tepui toucanet are found thus:<p>Undocumented sight records in French Guiana lead the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society to treat the species as hypothetical in that country.<p>In southern Venezuela and nearby Brazil the tepui toucanet inhabits moist subtropical montane cloudforest on tepuis. In eastern Venezuela and the Guianas it inhabits hilly tropical forest. In elevation it typically occurs between 800 and 1,800 m (2,600 and 5,900 ft). However, it has been recorded at 2,380 m (7,810 ft) on Venezuela's Cerro Roraima and as low as 380 m (1,250 ft) in Guyana and 640 m (2,100 ft) in Suriname.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The tepui toucanet is thought to be generally sedentary but is suspected to make seasonal elevational movements in the tepuis of Venezuela.<p>The tepui toucanet is believed to forage between the forest's lower levels and the subcanopy. Its diet is essentially unknown but is assumed to be similar to the fruit and insects of the chestnut-tipped toucanet. It is mostly seen singly or in pairs but is known to join mixed-species foraging flocks.<p>The tepui toucanet's breeding season appears to be from February to July. Nothing else is known about its breeding biology.<p>The tepui toucanet's song is "a low grunting 'grank, graank, graank...'".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Gray-eyed Bulbul
Iole propinqua
Drab, undistinguished-looking bulbul. Predominantly gray-brown with a white throat and slight rufous tones on the wings and tail. Pale eye and unmarked head distinguish it from other plain brownish bulbuls within its range. Tends to be seen solitarily or in pairs but will occasionally join mixed flocks or forage in larger groups at fruiting trees. Unmusical; gives a loud, ringing nasal note, often repetitively.
Black-goggled Tanager
Trichothraupis melanops
Restless tanager found in the undergrowth of forests and second growth; usually accompanies mixed-species flocks. Males have a black mask and a yellow crown stripe. Males also have an olive-gray head and back and are buff below with dark wings and tail. Females lack the yellow crown and mask and are generally more cinnamon below.
Yellow-browed Bulbul
Acritillas indica
Yellow-green bulbul with a clean face and dark eyes. Inhabits foothill and lower montane forests; often in moist areas. Commonly encountered in pairs or small flocks, but will also join mixed-species flocks. Typically sticks to cover. Song is comprised of cheery whistles mixed with slurred warbles. Calls include warbles, clear “weeeep” notes, and short nasal notes.
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