Aquatic Warbler
Acrocephalus paludicola
Small and slim with a thick, pale eyebrow, a dark crown with a pale central crown stripe, and a heavily striped back reminiscent of the patterning of a snipe. Often perches acrobatically, gripping two stems at once. Breeds in open wet marshlands with scattered bushes or trees, often in areas with sedges; uses reed beds on migration; winters in West Africa, where it uses extensive shallow marshes. Song is fast and chattering. Rare across much of range; population is declining fast due to habitat loss.
识别特征
The aquatic warbler (Acrocephalus paludicola) is an Old World warbler in the genus Acrocephalus. It breeds in temperate eastern Europe and western Asia, with an estimated population of 11,000-15,000 pairs. It is migratory, wintering in west Africa. After many years of uncertainty, the wintering grounds of much of the European population were finally discovered in Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary, Senegal, with between 5,000 and 10,000 birds present at this single site. Its south-westerly migration route means that it is regular on passage as far west as Great Britain and Ireland. This small passerine bird is a species found in wet sedge beds with vegetation shorter than 30 cm (12 in). Drainage has meant that this species has declined, and its stronghold is now the Polesie region of eastern Poland and south Belarus, where 70% of the world's population breeds. 3–5 eggs are laid in a nest in low vegetation. This species is highly promiscuous, with most males and females having offspring with multiple partners. This is a medium-sized warbler. The adult has a heavily streaked brown back and pale underparts with variable streaking. The forehead is flattened, and the bill is strong and pointed. There is a prominent whitish supercilium and crown stripe. It can be confused with the juvenile sedge warbler, which may show a crown stripe, but the marking is stronger in this species, which appears paler and spiky-tailed in flight. The sexes are identical, as with most warblers, but young birds are unstreaked on the breast below. Like most warblers, it is insectivorous, but will take other small food items, including berries. The song is a fast, chattering ja-ja-ja punctuated with typically acrocephaline whistles. The genus name Acrocephalus is from Ancient Greek akros, "highest", and kephale, "head". It is possible that Naumann and Naumann thought akros meant "sharp-pointed". The specific paludicola is Latin, from paludis, "swamp", and colere, "to inhabit".
分类信息
Genus: Acrocephalus; Family: Acrocephalidae; Order: Passeriformes.
- 学名
- Acrocephalus paludicola
- 命名信息
- (Vieillot, 1817)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Acrocephalidae
- 属
- Acrocephalus
分布与栖息地
Breeding range: PAL : c, e Europe. Non-breeding range: w, c AF.
- 繁殖区
- PAL : c, e Europe
- 非繁殖区
- w, c AF
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
Migration pattern: Complete migrants.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Pale Prinia
Prinia somalica
A very pale, slim, long-tailed warbler of dry country. Pale gray-brown on the upperparts and white below, though immatures can show a buff wash. The tail is frequently cocked up. Found in dry thorn savanna and thornscrub, usually in pairs. Similar in appearance to Tawny-flanked Prinia, but found in drier habitat, and is paler and grayer on the back with no rufous on the flanks. The main vocalization is a series of dry, high-pitched “zhep” notes delivered in fast succession, similar to the song of Tawny-flanked Prinia, but faster and higher-pitched.
African Thrush
Turdus pelios
This widespread thrush shows a large amount of geographical variation. The upperparts are generally gray-brown, while the underparts can be buff, gray, or rufous. All across the range, shows a yellow bill. Found in a range of habitats, including forest edge, woodland, gardens, and cultivation. In areas without Abyssinian Thrush, also occurs in montane forest. The song is a pretty, variable series of chatty whistles and trills which can continue for a long time without a pause. Similar to Abyssinian Thrush, but found at lower elevations in areas of overlap, and is generally paler, with a paler yellow bill.
Pearl-spotted Owlet
Glaucidium perlatum
A small, round, brownish owl that is often active by day. It has white speckles on its back and tail; white spots (not bars) on the crown and head are diagnostic. The presence of white-ringed, black blobs on the back of the head give the impression of “false eyes”. Singles and pairs are common in moist and arid wooded savanna, including near villages. It calls an accelerating series of upslurred, piping “fwooo” notes, followed by a set of downward “puuueeeww” whistles. The similar African Barred Owlet is larger; it has bars (not spots) on the head, and it lacks “false eyes”.
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