Painted Redstart
Myioborus pictus
This unmistakable warbler is found in canyons and mountainous areas with oaks and pines. Striking plumage: black with large white wing patch and red belly. Tail is often fanned and flashed while foraging, revealing bold white outer tail feathers. Very active, usually flitting around in the lower to mid-levels of trees. Listen for a musical warble with repeated “chewee” notes. Call is similar to Pine Siskin but less wiry. Primarily a Mexican species, occurring as far south as northern Nicaragua. Breeding range barely extends into the southwest U.S.
识别特征
The painted redstart is the largest species of Myioborus, measuring 5.1–5.9 in (13–15 cm) in length, 8.3 inches (21 cm) in wingspan and having a weight of 0.3–0.4 oz (8.5–11.3 g).<p>The sexes are the same in plumage, though males average slightly larger than females. The adult is mostly black, with a bright red lower breast and belly, large white wing patches, white outer tail feathers and white crescents below its eyes. The bill and legs are blackish.<p>The juvenile painted redstart lacks the red belly and glossy black plumage of the adult. It is brownish-gray overall, with a paler belly and undertail coverts, and a pale cream or buff tinge to its wing patches. The young have a deep yellow-orange mouth lining.<p>Painted redstarts are unusual amongst birds, and especially amongst warblers, in that the female is capable of singing just as well as a male, and during spring courtship a pair will often bond by singing together.
分类信息
When he first described the species in 1829, naturalist William John Swainson assigned it to the genus Setophaga — the same genus as that of the American redstart — where it remained for nearly a century and a half, though one naturalist placed it in the Old World flycatcher genus Muscicapa during that time. By the mid 1960s, researchers recommended that it be moved to its current genus, Myioborus, based on various similarities with the other whitestarts. The painted redstart is the sister taxon to all the other species in the genus Myioborus.<p>There are two subspecies, which differ only slightly in appearance:
- 学名
- Myioborus pictus
- 命名信息
- (Swainson, 1829)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Parulidae
- 属
- Myioborus
分布与栖息地
Painted redstarts are common in open oak woodlands and canyons at heights between 1,500–2,500 m (4,900–8,200 ft) in Central America and Mexico, ranging as far north as the Madrean sky islands and Mogollon Rim in Arizona and New Mexico and Big Bend National Park in Texas; they are thought to be wholly insectivorous. During the summer and winter, these birds may venture as far south as Nicaragua. In 2010, a painted redstart was found further north in California than had ever been recorded, in Auburn, CA, east of Sacramento. In 2013, one was observed in Berkeley, CA.
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Papyrus Gonolek
Laniarius mufumbiri
Boldly patterned black-and-red bushshrike with a yellow crown and pale eyes. The duller immature has orange underparts and a gray crown. Found in papyrus swamps, where it skulks with great skill. The male gives ringing “chonk” or “chuwee” notes, often in rapid-fire or up-and-down series. The female gives a low ratcheting call which is sometimes given in a duet alongside the male’s vocalizations. Similar to Black-headed Gonolek, but has a yellow crown and a white wingbar.
African Grass-Owl
Tyto capensis
Long-winged owl with a dark back, pale underparts, and a pale, heart-shaped face. The central tail feathers are dark brown, and the outer ones pale. In flight, shows a buff mark at the front of the wing. Generally scarce and localized; found in marsh, grassland, and heath. Calls include a short, rough scream and low, creaking notes. Similar to Barn Owl in shape and size but shows a much darker back that contrasts with the pale underparts. Can be confused with Marsh Owl but shows a pale face, paler underparts, and less barring on the wings and tail in flight.
Atlantic Royal Flycatcher
Onychorhynchus swainsoni
Endemic to southeastern Brazil. Uncommon, medium-sized, overall brown flycatcher of humid tropical forest in lowlands. Note the hammerhead crest—very rarely fully raised to reveal spectacular, flame-red fan with violet-blue-black tips. Otherwise looks rather flat-headed. Also note the long bill, and pale cinnamon rump and tail. Usually found as singles or pairs in mid-levels of dense forest, where flutters actively after insects. Nest is a straggly mass of dead vegetation up to 3 feet long that hangs from the tip of a branch, often along streambeds. Often detected by single sharp squeaky calls.
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