White-rumped Falcon
Neohierax insignis
Beautiful small falcon with dark wings and clean white underparts. Male has a pale gray head, whereas females are bright rusty orange from the crown down to the back. Appears rather large-headed and front-heavy, particularly in flight; long-tailed appearance sometimes gives it a profile like a miniature Accipiter. Occurs in open dry forests and forest edge areas in the lowlands and foothills, often in pairs.
识别特征
The plumage is white underneath and on the rump, with black ticking on the chest. The upper surface of the wings is dark grey. Sexually dimorphic, the female has a rufous mantle on her upper back and behind the head, whereas in the male these areas are grey. The tail is black, barred with white.<p>The shape of the tail is notably rounded, with the outermost feathers an inch shorter than the middle ones. Its wings have the pointed shape typical of falcons, with the second primary feathers longest, and the first nearly equal to the third.<p>Its legs and feet are yellow, hence the French name fauconnet à pattes jaunes (yellow-legged falconet). Base of the bill and skin surrounding the eye are yellow. Tip of the beak is grey or horn-coloured.<p>The wings are .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}145 mm (5+3⁄4 in) long, and the tail is 130 mm (5 in). Modern sources give the overall length as 23–28 cm (9–11 in), weight 84–112 g (3–4 oz), and wingspan 42–49 centimetres (16+1⁄2–19+1⁄4 in).<p>Its coloration is similar to the African pygmy falcon (Polihierax semitorquatus), but the white-rumped falcon is larger and proportionally longer-tailed.
分类信息
Philip Sclater, secretary of the Zoological Society of London, presented two skins at the meeting of 7 November 1871, on behalf of the society's president Arthur Hay, Viscount Walden. A brief account of this presentation was published in 1872, becoming the first formal description of the species.<p>In 1922, Harry Kirke Swann proposed a new monotypic genus for this bird, Neohierax. During the 20th century, most taxonomic authorities retained it in Polyhierax, though Brown and Amadon supported separating the two genera. Phylogenetic analyses of morphological characteristics found the white-rumped falcon to be basal to the Falco clade, but separate from the clade containing the pygmy falcon (or African pigmy falcon, Polihierax semitorquatus) and Microhierax (falconets or pigmy falcons).<p>Research in molecular genetics has also found that the white-rumped falcon is more closely related to the Falco falcons than it is to the pygmy falcon, and indicates two major clades within the extant members of the falcon subfamily, Falconinae. Boyd places the Microhierax falconets with the pygmy falcon in tribe Polihieracini, and the white-rumped falcon as Neohierax insignis in tribe Falconini.<p>The white-rumped falcon is also known as white-rumped pygmy falcon, white-rumped falconet, Fielden's falconet, or Burmese pigmy falcon.
- 学名
- Neohierax insignis
- 命名信息
- (Walden, 1872)
- 目
- Accipitriformes
- 科
- Accipitridae
- 属
- Neohierax
分布与栖息地
Found in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam, its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and dry savanna. The IUCN considers it "near-threatened" by habitat loss due to logging and forest fires, and possibly hunting.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
White-rumped falcons feed on lizards and insects, which are taken from the ground or in trees. Unlike Microhierax falconets, they do not hawk insects from the air.<p>This species has been little studied in the wild. It uses holes in trees for nesting, the female incubates the eggs during the day. The female lays a clutch of two white eggs, approximately 35 mm (1.4 in) long.<p>A pair have been observed to nest in a woodpecker hole, both the male and female roosting there overnight.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Collared Forest-Falcon
Micrastur semitorquatus
Large and lanky, but heard much more often than seen. Widespread in tropical forest, ranging into semi-open areas with larger trees; in West Mexico it even occurs up into pine-oak forest high in the mountains. Hunts from canopy to forest floor, but usually calls from high in trees. Note the long yellow legs and long rounded tail with narrow white bars. Adults are usually white below, with dark ‘sideburns,’ but can be buffy below, and very rarely are black overall. Immatures have variable dark barring below.
Copper-throated Sunbird
Leptocoma calcostetha
Large sunbird of mangroves. Male is completely covered with iridescence and can appear dark all over; look out for glistening wine-red throat and overall blue-green tones in good lighting. Female is far plainer, with a yellow belly, a pale throat, and a thin dark line through the eye. Nominate female Plain-throated Sunbird can be similar, but Plain-throated has a yellow throat, a faint eyering, a less curved bill, and more extensive yellow underparts. Gives a squeaky, ringing trill and a inflected “tslee.”
Rufous Babbler
Argya subrufa
Large rufous-brown babbler with a long tail and white eyes. Pale gray forehead evident if seen well. Not as bold and pugnacious as some of its close relatives; typically forages in dense undergrowth in foothill forest and forest edge, often in wetter areas than Jungle, Common, and Large Gray Babblers. Gives distinctive rising rattle-whistles: “trriIIII! trriiiIII!”
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