Red-knobbed Imperial-Pigeon

Dark, reddish-brown woodpecker with a long pale bill. Occurs in mature broadleaf evergreen forests of Yanbaru Forest, northern Okinawa Island, where it is endemic and critically endangered. Calls similar to other woodpeckers, with various combinations of sharp sounds. Drumming gradually accelerates toward the end.

A small, brightly colored shrike of forest edges and lightly forested fields and gardens. Adult male has pale-bordered black mask, mostly gray back and wings, blackish tail, and warm orange crown, nape, and wash on sides (worn birds less brightly colored). Female has brown back, less obvious mask, rusty crown and nape, and light barring below. Juvenile similar to adult female but lacks pale border around mask. Compared to juvenile Brown Shrike, Bull-headed has warmer orange tones, larger bill, and weaker mask. Song a harsh, raspy collection of notes (including imitations); call is a staccato chatter.

Handsome bird with a highly restricted range in the Marañon Valley of northern Peru. Back and tail are chestnut with a paler throat, head, and belly; breast is streaked with white. Inhabits arid mountain slopes, often around scrubby ravines. Usually found in pairs that often vocalize together, giving sharp chips in a short series, and sometimes in a much longer cascade.