Blackish Tapaculo
Scytalopus latrans
A very dark Scytalopus tapaculo: blackish overall without brown on the flanks or rump. Acts like a mouse scurrying around on or near the ground within montane forest. Very difficult to see. Found in the Andes from Venezuela to Peru from around 2,000–3,500 m. Fairly common by voice in montane forest, but heard more often than seen. Listen for slow series of rich “chew” notes.
识别特征
The blackish tapaculo is approximately 11 cm (4.3 in) long. Males weigh 16 to 21 g (0.56 to 0.74 oz) and females 14 to 20 g (0.49 to 0.71 oz). The male of the "blackish" subspecies is dark to very dark gray and the female is dark gray, sometimes with an olive wash. The juvenile is not well known but is believed to be dull brown. The "Pacific" subspecies male is black while the female is gray, darker above and lighter below, with brown flanks. The juvenile is brown.
分类信息
The blackish tapaculo was originally described by Hellmayr as a species. Later it was reclassified as a subspecies of unicolored tapaculo (Scytalopus unicolor) and later still returned to full species status. There are two subspecies, the "blackish" S. l. latrans and the "Pacific" S. l. subcinereus. The latter is sometimes considered to be a separate species. The former "Peruvian" subspecies S. l. intermedius has been elevated to species status as Utcubamba tapaculo by the International Ornithological Congress (IOC).
- 学名
- Scytalopus latrans
- 命名信息
- Hellmayr, 1924
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Rhinocryptidae
- 属
- Scytalopus
分布与栖息地
The "blackish" subspecies of blackish tapaculo inhabits both slopes and interior ranges of the Andes from western Venezuela through Colombia and Ecuador to northern Peru. The "Pacific" subspecies inhabits the western slope of the Andes of southwest Ecuador and northwest Peru. The species is believed to be sedentary.<p>The blackish tapaculo is found in the understory of moist montane forest at elevations between 1,500 and 4,000 m (4,900 and 13,100 ft). Typical vegetative associations include Chusquea bamboo and Polylepis scrub. It also inhabits other shrubs, swampy areas, and second growth.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The blackish tapaculo feeds on and near the ground, gleaning soil, moss, foliage, and stems for small arthropods. <p>Very little is known about the blackish tapaculo's breeding phenology. The one known nest was globular and in an earthen bank covered with clubmoss and ferns.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Rufous-browed Chat-Tyrant
Ochthoeca superciliosa
Handsome flycatcher found only in the high Andes of Venezuela. Plumage is quite distinctive with bright cinnamon belly, eyebrows, and wing stripes. Inhabits elfin forest and scrub near or above tree line. Typically encountered in pairs that perch in the open and give sharp “chep” calls and as well as raucous chatters. Formerly treated as a subspecies of Brown-backed Chat-Tyrant, which only barely reaches over Colombian border into Venezuela and does not overlap with Rufous-browed.
Yungas Tody-Tyrant
Hemitriccus spodiops
Small, plain flycatcher found in humid forest along the east slope of the Andes in Bolivia, barely reaching over the border into southeastern Peru. It has olive upperparts and pale yellowish underparts, and may show very faint streaking on the throat and breast. Pale eye and voice help separate it from Flammulated Pygmy-Tyrant, which is usually found at lower elevations. Typical song is a downslurred, rasping trill.
Española Mockingbird
Mimus macdonaldi
Large gray-and-white songbird with a long tail, curved bill, black mask and mustache, and dark blotches on the underparts. Endemic to Galálapagos. Found only on the southeastern island of Española, where it is the only mockingbird. Very inquisitive and has almost no fear of people. Lone birds or small groups race around beaches boldly inspecting almost everything they encounter including shells, sea lions, cameras, and shoes. Often perches up on bushes or rocks.
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