Mexican Hermit
Phaethornis mexicanus
Spectacular large hummingbird of humid tropical lowlands and foothills; endemic to west Mexico. Favors shady forest understory and edges, especially with patches of Heliconia flowers. Males sit and sing tirelessly from perches in the understory while pumping their tail. When feeding, hovers briefly with long white tail streamers held nearly vertical and shoots off with an explosive squeak. Note the striped face, very long, arched bill, and rather drab plumage. No similar hummingbird species in its range.
识别特征
The Mexican hermit is 16 to 17 cm (6.3 to 6.7 in) long. The nominate subspecies has a dusky crown and bronzy green nape and upperparts. The rump feathers are bronzy green with cinnamon edges and the tail is black with white tips to the feathers. The face has black cheeks and pale cinnamon stripes behind the eye and below the cheek. The throat is mostly pale buff and the rest of the underparts are dusky brownish gray with a cinnamon wash on the belly. P. m. griseoventer is slightly paler overall; its crown is dull greenish, its throat stripe whitish to pale buff, and it has more white on the central tail feathers.
分类信息
The Mexican hermit was previously treated as a subspecies of the long-billed hermit (Phaethornis longirostris). Following two 2013 publications, the North American Classification Committee (NACC) of the American Ornithological Society in 2015 recognized it as a separate species. The International Ornithological Committee (IOC), the Clements taxonomy, and BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World followed suit.<p>The Mexican hermit has two subspecies, the nominate P. m. mexicanus and P. m. griseoventer.
- 学名
- Phaethornis mexicanus
- 命名信息
- Hartert, EJO, 1897
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Phaethornis
分布与栖息地
The Mexican hermit is found in two separate areas of Mexico's Pacific coast. The nominate P. m. mexicanus occurs to the southwest from western Guerrero south to southeastern Oaxaca. P. m. griseoventer occurs further north, between Nayarit and Colima. The species inhabits the interior and edges of humid evergreen forest, Heliconia thickets, and ravines in semi-deciduous woodlands. In elevation it ranges from sea level to about 2,000 m (6,600 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Mexican hermit is believed to be sedentary.<p>The Mexican hermit is a "trap-line" feeder like other hermit hummingbirds, visiting a circuit of a variety of flowering plants for nectar. It also consumes small arthropods.<p>Almost nothing is known about the Mexican hermit's breeding phenology. Nests with eggs were found in late May and early July.<p>The song of the Mexican hermit's P. m. griseoventer subspecies is "a continuous series of single, metallic notes...'chieh...chieh...chieh...'." Its call is "a shrill, slurred, relatively drawn-out 'skweih'". The vocalizations of the nominate P. m. mexicanus have not been documented. However, both subspecies are known to sing at leks of four to six males.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Cream-winged Cinclodes
Cinclodes albiventris
Fairly common in the high Andes, where found at bogs, lakeshores, along streams, in agricultural areas of villages, usually near water. Feeds on the ground with a hopping and shuffling gait, sometimes cocking tail. Often in same areas as similar but larger and less numerous White-winged Cinclodes. Cream-winged is distinguished by duller brown (less rusty) upperparts, pale buffy tail corners (bold white on White-winged), and narrower white wing stripe shown in raised wing song display.
Blue-fronted Fig-Parrot
Nannopsittacus gulielmitertii
A small, short-tailed parrot of lowland forest, forest edge, and lush gardens. Mostly found at low elevations, and sometimes up into the hills. Green body with dark blue in the wing, black forecrown and cheek, and a pale line separating the cheek, crown and bill. Males have an orange breast, while females have orange behind the dark cheek patch. Usually found in small groups. Most similar to Double-eyed Fig-Parrot, but Blue-fronted has blackish instead of red forecrown and cheek, and an orange breast. Calls, a sharp, high-pitched “tsik!” or excited twittering which often betrays their present in a tree.
Cinnamon-chested Bee-eater
Merops oreobates
Colorful, medium-sized bee-eater with rich rufous underparts. In flight, shows black patches at the back of the wings and sides of the tail. Found in forest, gardens, and lush woodland at middle and high elevations. Usually in small groups that perch high, often in conspicuous places. The calls include a simple “seep” and an agitated series of rising whistles. Similar to Little and Blue-breasted Bee-eaters, but much larger and more richly colored below. In flight, also shows much less rufous on the top of the wings and tail than those species.
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