Crested Drongo
Dicrurus forficatus
Bold black fork-tailed bird with a towering crest. Juveniles have some pale fringes and a reduced crest, but still show the forked tail. Found in all types of forest at low and middle elevations, and less commonly in scrub, in villages, in plantations, and at high elevation. Perches prominently in the open, swooping out to catch insects on the wing. Often joins mixed feeding flocks with other birds. Fearless bird that doesn’t hesitate to mob mammalian predators or raptors. Song is a repeated sequence of whistles, creaks, and rasps. Forked tail and crest make it unmistakable within its range.
识别特征
The adult male and female are almost entirely black, with a blue-green sheen. The distinctive crest consists of elongated feathers on the forehead. The forked tail is also distinctive of the adult birds. D. f. potior is larger and has broader tail feathers.
分类信息
In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the crested drongo in his Ornithologie based on a specimen collected in Madagascar. He used the French name Le grand gobe-mouche noir hupé de Madagascar and the Latin Muscicapa Madagascariensis nigra major cristata. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the twelfth edition, he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson. One of these was the crested drongo. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name Lanius forficatus and cited Brisson's work. The specific name forficatus is Neo-Latin for "scissor-shaped". This species is now placed in the genus Dicrurus that was introduced by French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot in 1816.<p>Two subspecies are recognised:<p>The common name of drongo, now applied to all members of the family Dicruridae, was originally a Malagasy word from the Betsimisaraka dialect; more commonly it is called railovy in Malagasy.
- 学名
- Dicrurus forficatus
- 命名信息
- (Linnaeus, 1766)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Dicruridae
- 属
- Dicrurus
分布与栖息地
The nominated race is endemic to Madagascar, and found throughout the island, and some of the larger inshore islands including Nosy-Bé. The Dicrurus forficatus potior subspecies on only found on the Comoro Islands.<p>Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, and dry savanna, typically below 1,000 meters.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Aceh Bulbul
Pycnonotus snouckaerti
Rare and declining endemic of Sumatra’s northwestern mountains. Large grayish-brown bulbul with a bright orange forehead patch, dark olive wings, and a weak crest that gives it a pointy-headed profile. Once regarded as a subspecies of the very similar Orange-spotted Bulbul, but note present species’ distribution and dark (not white) belly. Inhabits foothill and lower montane forests, where localized and largely restricted to clearings with a substantial understory. Calls are generally similar to those of Orange-spotted Bulbul, and include a bubbly chatter.
Common Eider
Somateria mollissima
Flocks of these large sea ducks enliven northern coastlines. Males are white and black with a soft suffusion of green on the nape. Immature males are variable and messy-looking with patches of black and white. Females vary from rich rufous-brown to cold grayish, always with extensive black barring covering body and wings. Slight variation in bill shape and color across subspecies, especially obvious on males; Pacific birds have brightest orange bills, most others have greenish bills. Dives to feed on mollusks and other crustaceans. In late summer, look for flocks of females with dozens of ducklings; broods often join together. Compare females with other eider species, and note details of bill and head shape.
Seram Golden-Bulbul
Hypsipetes affinis
A large songbird with a notably long, heavy bill. Uniform olive-green above except for diagnostic striking yellow final third of tail. Head olive with a thin yellow line between the bill and the eye. Underparts uniform yellow. Small groups inhabit forests, edges, and plantations, occurring from sea level to the foothills. Confined to the islands of Seram and Ambon. No other species in range shows a bold bicolored tail. Song consists of strident high-pitched whistles, descending on the final notes: “WEE-WEE-WEE-WEE-WOO-WOO.” Also gives soft chattering calls and raspy notes.
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