Marañon Spinetail
Synallaxis maranonica
Very shy spinetail restricted to the Marañon Valley of northwestern Peru and extreme southern Ecuador; highly threatened due to ongoing habitat loss. Plumage is mostly gray with chestnut back, wings, and tail. Inhabits dense tangles inside forest, often in damp gullies or near rivers and streams. Hard to see well, and usually first detected by voice. Typical song is a whining “chew, pit-year” repeated every few seconds.
识别特征
The Maranon spinetail is 14 to 16 cm (5.5 to 6.3 in) long and weighs 16 to 17 g (0.56 to 0.60 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a dark brownish gray face and forehead. Their crown and upper back are dark grayish brown that become more rufescent brown by the rump and uppertail coverts. Their wings are dark rufous with dark fuscous tips on the flight feathers. Their tail is dark rufous; it is graduated and the feathers have blunt tips. Their throat is pale grayish, their breast darker brownish gray, their belly a lighter brownish gray, and their flanks gray with an olive tinge. Their iris is brown, their maxilla black to dark gray, their mandible blue-gray, and their legs and feet gray to olive. Juveniles have faint dark scallops on the breast and belly and a pinkish yellow mandible.
分类信息
The Maranon spinetail was previously treated as a subspecies of the plain-crowned spinetail (S. gujanensis). Recognition of plumage, vocal, and genetic differences led to their separation. The Marañon spinetail is monotypic.
- 学名
- Synallaxis maranonica
- 命名信息
- Taczanowski, 1879
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Synallaxis
分布与栖息地
The Maranon spinetail is found in the valley of the Marañón River from far southeastern Ecuador's Zamora-Chinchipe Province south into the northern parts of Peru's departments of Cajamarca and Amazonas. It inhabits the undergrowth of semihumid gallery forest, secondary forest, and deciduous woodlands along rivers, and occurs less often at the edges of humid forest. In elevation it ranges between 650 and 1,200 m (2,100 and 3,900 ft) in Ecuador and 450 and 1,850 m (1,500 and 6,100 ft) in Peru.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Maranon spinetail is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The Maranon spinetail feeds on arthropods. It usually forages in pairs, gleaning its prey from the ground, foliage, and small branches up to about 2 m (7 ft) above the ground.<p>Nothing is known about the Maranon spinetail's breeding biology.<p>The Maranon spinetail's song is "a very slow-paced, somewhat nasal 'kieeuuw...keeeu' ", often with several seconds between phrases. It is sung by both sexes.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Stephanie's Astrapia
Astrapia stephaniae
A long-tailed bird of montane forest canopy. Male has much longer tail with an iridescent green head and bib with a black chest band bordered with a thin gold stripe. Female is blackish with barring on the belly. Feeds on fruit and searches for insects on mossy branches and epiphytes. Similar to Ribbon-tailed Astrapia (with which it can hybridize), but female Stephanie’s lacks the iridescence on the head and the male’s tail is black rather than white. Voice, a rising, nasal “week!”.
Yellow-bellied Eremomela
Eremomela icteropygialis
Small, fairly nondescript bird with a typical warbler shape. The upperparts are gray or olive-green, the breast is pale gray, and the belly shows a variable amount of yellow. Note the dark brownish eye. Found in a wide variety of savanna and woodland habitats, ranging from dry to moist. Active, restless bird that often joins mixed flocks. Song is a short, up-and-down series of chirpy notes. Combination of range and eye color separate it from most other eremomelas. Very similar to Yellow-vented Eremomela, but always shows more yellow on the belly.
Piping Woodcreeper
Deconychura typica
Fairly small, warm brown woodcreeper with buffy spots on breast and vague buffy eyebrow. Note relatively short, straight bill. Very similar to many other species of woodcreepers but smaller than most others in range; tail relatively longer than most other woodcreepers but this is of limited use in field identification. Focus on overall shape, especially the vaguely “pin-headed” look and scruffy feathers on the nape. Generally found in primary forest, usually following a mixed-species flock. Best identified by voice, though not a particularly vocal species. Song is a long, fast series of medium-pitched piping notes that at first speed up and then slow down at the end of the phrase.
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