Short-tailed Woodstar
Myrmia micrura
Tiny hummingbird with a very short tail found in arid scrub and desert in western Ecuador and northwestern Peru. Male has glittering violet “beard” that is bordered by white above and below. Female lacks throat patch and has a buffy tinge to underparts, faint facial stripes, and a white tip to the tail. Female is told from other similar species in range by very short tail that does not reach wingtips when perched and white tip of tail (not white edges or corners).
识别特征
The short-tailed woodstar is about 6 cm (2.4 in) long and weighs about 2.3 g (0.081 oz). It and the gorgeted woodstar (Chaetocercus heliodor) are the smallest birds in South America, though the little woodstar (C. bombus) is only slightly longer. It has a very short, slightly decurved, black bill. Both sexes have shining green upperparts. Males have a white stripe from the bill to below the eye. Their gorget is glittering violet and the breast white with dingy flanks. Their very short tail's central feathers are green and the rest blackish. Females lack the bright gorget; their underparts are pale buffy whitish to cinnamon buff. Their tail is like the male's with the addition of white tips on the outer feathers.
分类信息
The short-tailed woodstar was originally placed in genus Calothorax but since approximately 1876 has been placed in its current myrmia. It is the only species in its genus and has no subspecies.
- 学名
- Myrmia micrura
- 命名信息
- (Gould, 1854)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Myrmia
分布与栖息地
The short-tailed woodstar is found from the southern part of Ecuador's Manabí Province south into Peru as far as northern La Libertad Department. It inhabits arid scrub, shrublands, and gardens. It is mostly a bird of the lowlands. In Ecuador it usually occurs below 200 m (660 ft), though in Loja Province it can be found as high as 800 m (2,600 ft). Similarly, in Peru it is usually found within a few hundred meters of sea level but occurs locally as high as 1,200 m (3,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The short-tailed woodstar is a year-round resident in most of its range but seems to leave the immediate coastal areas in the rainy season.<p>The short-tailed woodstar forages for nectar at all heights but most often feeds close to the ground. It also eats small arthropods. Details of its diet are lacking, but it has been recorded feeding at flowers of families Malvaceae and Fabaceae. It is often attracted to flowers planted around houses.<p>Almost everything that is known about the short-tailed woodstar's breeding phenology comes from observations in southwestern Ecuador, where the breeding season is mostly from March to May. Males make a U-shaped courtship flight. Females build a cup nest of plant down and spiderweb in a fork of a thin branch. It is typically 0.6 to 2.6 m (2 to 9 ft) above the ground. The female incubates the clutch of two eggs for 15 to 16 days and fledging occurs 22 to 23 days after hatch.<p>The male short-tailed woodstar's song, given during the display flight, is "a sweet, high series of tititi notes interspersed with a high sweee." The species' call is a "thin tchi-tchi-tchi."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Blue-streaked Lory
Trichoglossus reticulatus
A beautiful red parrot with scattered dark markings confined to the Tanimbar Islands. Entirely scarlet underneath, with a deep blue stripe through the eye, a red bill, a dark back and tail, and scattered red markings on dark wings. Juveniles have a brown bill and dark-edged feathers on the underparts. Found in groups in lowland forest, edge, plantations, and mangroves. Much smaller than female Eclectus Parrot, with a dark streak through the eye and a red-colored undertail. Gives various high-pitched, lorikeet-like screeches: “EEEEK!”
Greater Ground-Robin
Amalocichla sclateriana
A medium-sized, pittalike bird of sub-alpine forest floor. Brown head and upperparts extending to the sides of the chest, pale gray underparts, with whitish throat, center of the belly and sometimes some scalloping on the chest. Note the strong bill and long legs. Shy and difficult to see. Same general shape and habits as the Lesser Ground-Robin, but Greater occurs at higher elevations and is much larger. Much more often heard than seen. Very distinctive, short, whistled phrase sounding like ‘What do you think?’ with the last note upslurred.
Brambling
Fringilla montifringilla
Distinctive and handsome orange-breasted finch. Note black head of males (solid in breeding season, patchy in non-breeding) and gray-and-brown head of females. Complex wing patterns and white rump patches create a wondrous show when a flock rises up in flight. Breeds in northern woodlands, especially in and around birches; winters in varied wooded habitats (especially with beech trees), semiopen country, and farmland with hedges; sometimes visits gardens and parks with feeders or fruiting trees. Song is surprising and almost ugly for such a well-marked finch, a strange ringing buzz: “eerRRRRNnnn.” Gives a rising “qweee”, a higher-pitchd “tsi, tsi”, and various twittering and nasal flock calls.
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