Short-tailed Woodstar
Myrmia micrura
Tiny hummingbird with a very short tail found in arid scrub and desert in western Ecuador and northwestern Peru. Male has glittering violet “beard” that is bordered by white above and below. Female lacks throat patch and has a buffy tinge to underparts, faint facial stripes, and a white tip to the tail. Female is told from other similar species in range by very short tail that does not reach wingtips when perched and white tip of tail (not white edges or corners).
识别特征
The short-tailed woodstar is about 6 cm (2.4 in) long and weighs about 2.3 g (0.081 oz). It and the gorgeted woodstar (Chaetocercus heliodor) are the smallest birds in South America, though the little woodstar (C. bombus) is only slightly longer. It has a very short, slightly decurved, black bill. Both sexes have shining green upperparts. Males have a white stripe from the bill to below the eye. Their gorget is glittering violet and the breast white with dingy flanks. Their very short tail's central feathers are green and the rest blackish. Females lack the bright gorget; their underparts are pale buffy whitish to cinnamon buff. Their tail is like the male's with the addition of white tips on the outer feathers.
分类信息
The short-tailed woodstar was originally placed in genus Calothorax but since approximately 1876 has been placed in its current myrmia. It is the only species in its genus and has no subspecies.
- 学名
- Myrmia micrura
- 命名信息
- (Gould, 1854)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Myrmia
分布与栖息地
The short-tailed woodstar is found from the southern part of Ecuador's Manabí Province south into Peru as far as northern La Libertad Department. It inhabits arid scrub, shrublands, and gardens. It is mostly a bird of the lowlands. In Ecuador it usually occurs below 200 m (660 ft), though in Loja Province it can be found as high as 800 m (2,600 ft). Similarly, in Peru it is usually found within a few hundred meters of sea level but occurs locally as high as 1,200 m (3,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The short-tailed woodstar is a year-round resident in most of its range but seems to leave the immediate coastal areas in the rainy season.<p>The short-tailed woodstar forages for nectar at all heights but most often feeds close to the ground. It also eats small arthropods. Details of its diet are lacking, but it has been recorded feeding at flowers of families Malvaceae and Fabaceae. It is often attracted to flowers planted around houses.<p>Almost everything that is known about the short-tailed woodstar's breeding phenology comes from observations in southwestern Ecuador, where the breeding season is mostly from March to May. Males make a U-shaped courtship flight. Females build a cup nest of plant down and spiderweb in a fork of a thin branch. It is typically 0.6 to 2.6 m (2 to 9 ft) above the ground. The female incubates the clutch of two eggs for 15 to 16 days and fledging occurs 22 to 23 days after hatch.<p>The male short-tailed woodstar's song, given during the display flight, is "a sweet, high series of tititi notes interspersed with a high sweee." The species' call is a "thin tchi-tchi-tchi."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Rusty-breasted Antpitta
Grallaricula ferrugineipectus
Small antpitta found in montane forest in the Andes from northern Venezuela to central Colombia. Typical antpitta shape: plump with short tail and long legs. Plain warm tawny or rufous below and duller browner above. Look for conspicuous white eyering that is much wider behind the eye. Similar to Slate-crowned Antpitta, but crown is not contrasting gray like Slate-crowned and the eyering is white, not buffy. Occurs from around 250 to 2,200 m. Singles or pairs are shy and difficult to see in the understory; usually perched a meter or two above the ground. Listen for fast series of piping whistles that drops off at the end.
Southern Rockhopper Penguin
Eudyptes chrysocome
The smallest of the crested penguins. Note the thin yellow eyebrows that, once past the eyes, flare out toward the rear of the head. The species consists of two subspecies, the Eastern and Western Rockhopper Penguins. The Western Rockhopper Penguin breeds on offshore islands off southern Chile and Argentina and on the Falkland Islands, while the Eastern Rockhopper Penguin breeds on various subantarctic islands around New Zealand and the southern Indian Ocean. The Eastern has even eyebrows with pink skin at the base of the bill; the Western has black skin at the base of the bill, with an uneven eyebrow shape. Vagrants occasionally reach the Snares Islands. Distinguished from Snares Penguin by thinner eyebrow and smaller bill, and from Moseley’s Rockhopper Penguin by shorter, less flowing crest.
Visayan Broadbill
Sarcophanops samarensis
A medium-sized bird of lowland forest on Bohol, Leyte, and Samar islands. Has a pale blue bill and deeper blue eye wattle, a black face, a streaked crown, a reddish-brown back, a dark wing with a pinkish to white wingbar, a thin white collar with some scaling above, and a reddish rump and tail. Underparts are white in the female and pinkish in the male. Makes short sallies for insects. Can be found in pairs, small groups, or sometimes mixed-species flocks. Unmistakable. Voice includes a plaintive whistle and a sharp “tyik!”
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