Pinto's Spinetail
Synallaxis infuscata
Spinetail with a largely dark body contrasting with a rich rusty crown, wings, and tail. Note the streaked whitish throat. In its tiny range, found in the understory at the edge of remnant humid forest fragments and in adjacent second-growth vegetation. The call is a repetition of “teh-teh-teh” notes.
识别特征
Pinto's spinetail is 16 to 18 cm (6.3 to 7.1 in) long and weighs 16 to 20 g (0.56 to 0.71 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a dark grayish face. Their crown and nape are bright reddish chestnut and their back, rump, and uppertail coverts are brownish gray. Their wings are mostly rufous. Their tail is dark rufous-chestnut; it is graduated and the feathers have pointed tips. Their chin has a black spot; the rest of their chin and throat have diffuse whitish and gray streaks. The rest of their underparts are dark slaty gray with sometimes a lighter central belly. Their iris is dark brown, their bill dark gray, and their legs and feet grayish or greenish gray.
分类信息
Pinto's spinetail was previously treated as a subspecies of the rufous-capped spinetail (S. ruficapilla) but since the late twentieth century has been acknowledged as a full species. However, its relationship to other members of genus Synallaxis has not been clarified.<p>Pinto's spinetail is monotypic.
- 学名
- Synallaxis infuscata
- 命名信息
- Pinto, 1950
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Synallaxis
分布与栖息地
Pinto's spinetail is found patchily in far eastern Brazil, in the eastern parts of Paraíba, Alagoas, and Pernambuco states. It inhabits tropical lowland evergreen forest both primary and secondary, usually in dense undergrowth. In elevation it ranges from near sea level to almost 1,100 m (3,600 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Pinto's spinetail is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>Pinto's spinetail feeds on arthropods. It typically forages singly or in pairs, gleaning prey from live and dead leaves and small branches, and usually 1 to 2 m (3 to 7 ft) above the ground.<p>The breeding season of Pinto's spinetail has not been defined but active nests have been found in January and April, and recently fledged young have also been found in April. Its nest is a globe of sticks, dry leaves, and bark bits with a tunnel entrance at the side. Its inner chamber is lined with leaves or grass with cobwebs. It is typically built in branches where it is well hidden by vines, usually 1 to 5 m (3 to 16 ft) above the ground and only rarely higher. The clutch size is two eggs. The incubation period is 21 to 22 days, fledging occurs 14 to 16 days after hatch, and both parents build the nest, incubate the clutch, and provision the nestlings.<p>The song of Pinto's spinetail is described as "reet, reet" and is typically sung twice. Its call is "a spitting trill" and it also makes "a chatter...unlike any vocalization of congeners".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
American Pipit
Anthus rubescens
Slender and drab songbird of open country. Usually grayish above and streaked below, but some lack streaks in breeding season. Distinguished from similar-looking (unrelated) sparrows by thin bill and lanky appearance with long legs. Walks on the ground with jerky motions and frequently bobs tail. Flocks are often heard as they pass overhead or flush from a barren field; listen for sharp, high-pitched call notes and look for flashing white outer tail feathers. Song, given from a perch or in flight, is an often impressively lengthy series of repetitive, high-pitched notes.
Black-crowned Tityra
Tityra inquisitor
Handsome, mostly silvery gray bird of tropical lowland forest and adjacent semi-open areas with taller trees. Usually found at mid-upper levels of fruiting trees, sometimes in small groups that mix readily with the commoner Masked Tityra. Black-crowned is told from slightly larger Masked by its solidly black bill. Male is more silvery overall, with a black cap; female had brown face and smaller black cap. Tityras nest in tree cavities, that they sometimes steal from woodpeckers.
Rufous-naped Lark
Corypha africana
A large, robust, rusty lark with a short crest, a hefty bill, and a prominent rufous wing panel that is obvious in flight. Geographically highly variable, and does not always show a rufous nape. Can vary from rich rufous-brown to pale and sandy in overall coloration. Pairs are resident in open grassland, grassy savanna, woodland, and cultivated areas. It is most conspicuous in the spring and summer, when it perches up singing a sweet, simple song of 3-5 notes such as “treee-leee-treeloo,” occasionally drooping its wings and jumping with a small flutter, exposing the rufous wings that it shares with some other larks.
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