Slender-billed Gull
Chroicocephalus genei
Medium-sized gull with a long, slender bill. Breeding adult has a clean white head and dark red bill, and frequently shows a strong rosy-pink flush to the underparts. Non-breeding adult similar, but may show slight smudge on the head. Immature has orange bill with small brown patches on the wings, most readily seen in flight. Compare with Black-headed Gull; note Slender-billed's longer bill, sloping forehead, and "snouty" profile. Breeds in colonies in inland and coastal wetlands, but restricted to coastal wetlands when not breeding. Away from main range, found singly or in pairs, at times in association with much commoner Black-headed Gull.
识别特征
This species is 37 to 40 cm (14.6 to 15.7 in) long with a 90 to 102 cm (35.4 to 40.2 in) wingspan. It is therefore slightly larger than the black-headed gull, which it resembles, although it does not have a black hood in summer. It has a pale grey body, white head and breast and black tips to the primary wing feathers. The head and dark red bill have an elongated tapering appearance, and this bird also appears long-necked. The legs are dark red, and the iris is yellow. In summer, the breast has a faint pink colouration. This bird takes two years to reach maturity, as is usual in gulls. First year immature birds have a black terminal tail band, and dark areas on the wings.
分类信息
- 学名
- Chroicocephalus genei
- 命名信息
- (Brème, 1839)
- 目
- Charadriiformes
- 科
- Laridae
- 属
- Chroicocephalus
分布与栖息地
The slender-billed gull breeds in lagoons and lakes around the Mediterranean Sea and in similar locations in countries bordering the northwestern part of the Indian Ocean. In 2010 a successful colony was found breeding on an island in a mountain lake in Algeria. The lack of predators and disturbance allowed over 98% of the eggs to hatch. It overwinters on the coast in estuaries and bays. It feeds in deltas, marshes and grassland. It is one of a number of species of gull to feed on landfill sites.
- 繁殖区
- PAL, AF : patchily on coasts and saline lakes of s Iberian Pen., s Europe, Black and Caspian seas and Turkey to Central Asia, Pakistan and coastal far nw India; Mauritania, Senegal and Gambia
- 非繁殖区
- to coasts of Arabian Pen. and w India
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
About half of the slender-billed gull's food is fish. It flies a few metres above the surface of the water and dives into the water when it sees suitable prey. It also probes in the mud with its beak to feed on marine invertebrates and catches insects in flight.<p>This rather uncommon gull breeds in colonies, nesting on the ground and laying up to three brown-spotted white eggs in a scrape sparsely lined with feathers and bits of vegetation. Incubation takes about 25 days and the young fly after another 25 days. Like most gulls, it is gregarious in winter, both when feeding and in evening roosts. It is not a pelagic species, and is rarely seen far from land.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Cinnamon-breasted Warbler
Euryptila subcinnamomea
A furtive dark brown warbler of rocky gorges, dry river valleys, and boulder-strewn outcrops in semi-arid terrain. At close range, the gray throat in combination with the rusty crown, rump, and variable breast band are diagnostic. It actively hops on rocks and low bushes, sometimes vanishing into a pile of boulders or vegetation only to reappear some distance away. It is scarce and unobtrusive unless vocalizing, when it perches prominently to sing a series or repeated phrase of long, often slurred clear whistles, sometimes mixed with dry rattling buzzy notes.
Gray-streaked Flycatcher
Muscicapa griseisticta
Small and streaky flycatcher, with longer-winged appearance than Asian Brown and Dark-sided Flycatchers. Breeds in mixed and deciduous forest in lowlands and hilly regions. Dark brown above, white below, with distinct pale eyering and long, dark streaks below. Streaking can resemble the patterning of some Dark-sided Flycatchers but is more distinct, less smudgy-looking. Asian Brown Flycatcher shares the same general color scheme but is paler brown and lacks streaking.
White Tern
Gygis alba
A medium-sized tern with entirely white plumage, a slightly forked tail, and glittering inky pools for eyes. The bill is black with a blue base. Graceful and buoyant in flight. Breeds in trees and both natural and artificial ledges on coral islands. Sometimes flies very high in pairs or trios. Often seen offshore from boats, though most frequently encountered foraging over inshore waters.
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