Madagascar Scops-Owl

Large, chunky francolin with bare red skin on the throat and around the eye. There is much geographical variation in the presence or extent of white on the face, black-and-white streaking below, and black on the belly. Found in a wide range of habitats, including moist savanna, grassland, thickets, cultivation, and forest edge. The call is a series of rough “krek” notes, sometimes with a rollicking introduction. Bare red throat separates it from most other francolins. In areas of overlap with Swainson’s or Gray-breasted Francolins, Red-necked can be identified by black-and-white striped underparts.

Large, buffy shorebird with exceptionally long, upturned, bicolored bill. Overall warm coloration, especially bright on the wings in flight, helps separate from other godwits. Similar in color to Long-billed Curlew, but obviously different bill shape and darker legs. Breeds in wet prairies. During migration and winter, found in a variety of shallow wetlands, especially mudflats, beaches, and estuaries. Often in flocks with other large shorebirds like Willet and Whimbrel.

Small hummingbird with short, black bill and completely white underparts; found in savannas, dry forests, and disturbed habitats. Hovers at flowers like other hummingbirds. Males sing a hard, rattling trill from exposed perches beneath forest canopy. Most similar to Plain-bellied and Versicolored Emeralds, but has shorter, entirely black bill; where these species occur together, White-chested may not be safely separable from them if not seen well.