Tumbes Hummingbird
Thaumasius baeri
A plain hummingbird found in dry forest and scrub in southwestern Ecuador and northwestern Peru. It is dull green with light gray underparts, a white spot behind the eye, and a thick, slightly curved bill. Some birds show very faint spots on the throat. Similar to Spot-throated Hummingbird, but throat markings are much less conspicuous or entirely absent. Ranges are also different; Tumbes Hummingbird is found only on the Pacific side of the Andes and does not reach the Marañon drainage.
识别特征
The Tumbes hummingbird is 8 to 11 cm (3.1 to 4.3 in) long and weighs about 4.5 g (0.16 oz). The sexes are essentially alike. They have a nearly straight black bill. Their upperparts are pale golden green and their underparts pale grayish that becomes white on the belly. The tail feathers are pale green; the inner ones have bronzy tips and the outer ones a dusky gray band near the end and tips that are whitish in the male and grayish in the female.
分类信息
This species was formerly placed in the genus Leucippus. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Leucippus was polyphyletic. To resolve the polyphyly the Tumbes hummingbird and the spot-throated hummingbird (Taphrospilus hypostictus) were moved by most taxonomic systems to the resurrected genus Thaumasius. However, BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World retains it in Leucippus.<p>The Tumbes hummingbird is monotypic.
- 学名
- Thaumasius baeri
- 命名信息
- (Simon, 1901)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Unknown (not recognized as a bird species)
- 属
- Thaumasius
分布与栖息地
The Tumbes hummingbird is found in southwestern Ecuador's El Oro and Loja provinces and into northwestern Peru as far south as Lambayeque Department. It inhabits arid scrublands and the edges of deciduous forest in the Tumbes ecoregion. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in Ecuador and 1,275 m (4,200 ft) in Peru.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Tumbes hummingbird is mostly sedentary though it may make some seasonal movements.<p>The Tumbes hummingbird forages for nectar from the understory to the mid-strata, though details of the flowering plants it favors are lacking. In addition to nectar, it feeds on small arthropods.<p>The Tumbes hummingbird's breeding phenology and nest have not been described.<p>The Tumbes hummingbird's song is "a complex series of chips and wheezing electric warbles." Its calls have been described as "a gruff dzee and chips."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Pale-browed Treehunter
Cichlocolaptes leucophrus
Medium-sized streaky foliage-gleaner, which hangs upside-down on branches and probes clusters of dead leaves, especially bromeliads in montane forests. Head and underparts are streaky with a well-marked eyebrow. Its pale throat contrasts with its rufous back and tail. The song is a repeated, sharp nasal “sreep-sreep.”
White-browed Crombec
Sylvietta leucophrys
Small, virtually tailless warbler of montane forest. The facial pattern is distinct, with a rufous-brown cap and eye-stripe and a contrasting white eyebrow and throat. Found in thick areas of montane humid forest, especially tangled undergrowth and vines. Sometimes joins mixed-species flocks. The song is a quiet series of up-and-down twitters. Chapin’s Crombec is very similar, but White-browed is easily separated by its broad white eyebrow.
Pipipi
Mohoua novaeseelandiae
A small, noisy songbird endemic to New Zealand, found on the South and Stewart Islands. Favors myriad forest types. Note brown upperparts with an ashy-gray face and neck, and pale creamy-brown underparts. Often located first by its harsh chattering contact calls and canary-like song. Forms fast-moving flocks in the canopy that will come down to investigate “squeaking.” Associates with other species such as Silvereye and Gray Gerygone in the non-breeding season, forming noisy, continuously chattering flocks. Pipipi is the main host of the parasitic Long-tailed Koel, and so adults can be encountered feeding a much larger Koel chick. Distinguished from Dunnock by lighter underparts; does not feed on the ground. Look for sharp contrast between gray face and lighter underparts and larger size to distinguish from Gray Gerygone.
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