Greater Sand-Plover
Anarhynchus leschenaultii
Medium-sized plover with a long hefty bill. Breeding adults have a dark mask and orangish chest, neck, and forehead; females duller than males. Non-breeding birds and immatures are sandy brown above and white below, with a white throat and “eyebrows.” Often confused with Lesser Sand-Plover, and best distinguished when both present; look for larger size, heavier and longer bill, paler legs, and larger-headed appearance. Additionally, unlike some Lesser Sand-Plovers, Greater never has a black boundary around the throat. Breeds in high-elevation areas, where it favors arid, open habitats, sometimes near water. Winters on coastal mudflats and estuaries.
识别特征
This chunky plover is long-legged and thick-billed. Breeding males have grey backs and white underparts. The breast, forehead and nape are chestnut, and there is a black eye mask. The female is duller, and winter and juvenile birds lack the chestnut, apart from a hint of rufous on the head. Legs are greenish and the bill black.<p>In all plumages, it is very similar to lesser sand plover, Charadrius mongolus. Separating the species may be straightforward in mixed wintering flocks on an Indian beach, where the difference in size and structure is obvious; it is another thing altogether to identify a lone vagrant to western Europe, where both species are very rare. The problem is compounded in that the Middle Eastern race of the greater sand plover is the most similar to the lesser species.
分类信息
- 学名
- Anarhynchus leschenaultii
- 命名信息
- (Lesson, RP, 1826)
- 目
- Charadriiformes
- 科
- Charadriidae
- 属
- Anarhynchus
分布与栖息地
It breeds in the semi-deserts of Turkey and eastwards through Central Asia. It nests in a bare ground scrape. This species is strongly migratory, wintering on sandy beaches in East Africa, South Asia and Australasia. It is a rare vagrant in western Europe, where it has been recorded as far west as Iceland. It has been spotted twice in North America, the most recent being on May 14, 2009, in Jacksonville, Florida.
- 繁殖区
- PAL : inland w to ec Asia: Turkey to e Mongolia
- 非繁殖区
- coastal e, s Africa to s Ryukyu Is. (=Nansei Shoto; s Japan), Australia, Melanesia and w Micronesia
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
Its food consists of insects, crustaceans and annelid worms, which are obtained by a run-and-pause technique, rather than the steady probing of some other wader groups.<p>Its flight call is a soft trill.<p>The greater sand plover is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Ochre-naped Ground-Tyrant
Muscisaxicola flavinucha
Fairly large terrestrial flycatcher, breeding in the southern Andes and migrating north in winter. Favors bogs, streamsides, and other wet areas in open rocky and stony terrain, but migrants can be grounded in lowland fields. Often in same areas as other ground-tyrant species, and identified by grayish plumage tones, whitish forehead patch, and contrasting ochre nape patch (can be hard to see, depending on angle).
White-winged Flufftail
Sarothrura ayresi
Very rare, small rail of montane marshes. Extremely shy and elusive bird that is unlikely to be seen unless expressly looking for it. Dark on the back with a white belly. Male has a rufous hood. Both sexes show large white wing patches in flight. Known from a handful of shallow high-elevation marshes. May be migratory, though its habits are poorly understood. Call is a series of deep, hollow, two-part hoots.
Sabine's Puffback
Dryoscopus sabini
A relatively large-billed shrike-like bird primarily found in lowland forest canopy. Male is white below and iridescent black above except for a white rump. The female is overall reddish brown, with more reddish wings and a grayish hood. Similar to several bicolored shrikelike birds in the region, but note Sabine’s Puffback’s large bill, striking sexual dimorphism, and unique song, which consists of a distinctive series of long whistles descending in pitch before arriving at a single repeated pitch, growing louder, and then ending suddenly. Songs can sometimes last several minutes, and are more reminiscent of some Yellow Longbill songs than of the songs of other puffbacks. Calls include typical puffback-like rattles and harsh calls.
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