Little Bustard
Tetrax tetrax
A small brownish bustard with long legs and neck. May crouch if disturbed but when flushed, explodes noisily into a grouselike flight with whirring wings. Striking white wings with black tips are prominent in flight. Breeding-plumaged males are distinctive with black neck and double V-shaped white collar. Usually fairly quiet and unobtrusive. Found in open plains with shrubs and sufficient ground cover to hide in.
识别特征
Although the smallest Palearctic bustard, the little bustard is still pheasant-sized at 42–45 cm (17–18 in) long with a 90–110 cm (35–43 in) wingspan and a weight of 830 g (29 oz). In flight, the long wings are extensively white. The breeding male is brown above and white below, with a grey head and a black neck bordered above and below by white.<p>The female and non-breeding male lack the dramatic neck pattern, and the female is marked darker below than the male. Immature bustards resemble females. Both sexes are usually silent, although the male has a distinctive "raspberry-blowing" call: prrt.
分类信息
- 学名
- Tetrax tetrax
- 命名信息
- (Linnaeus, 1758)
- 目
- Otidiformes
- 科
- Otididae
- 属
- Tetrax
分布与栖息地
It breeds in Southern Europe and in Western and Central Asia. Southernmost European birds are mainly resident, but other populations migrate further south in winter. The central European population once breeding in the grassland of Hungary became extinct several decades ago. The species is declining due to habitat loss throughout its range. It used to breed more widely, for example ranging north to Poland occasionally. It is only a very rare vagrant to Great Britain despite breeding in France.On 20 December 2013, the Cypriot newspapers 'Fileleftheros' and 'Politis', as well as news website 'SigmaLive', reported the discovery of a dead little bustard in the United Nations Buffer Zone. The bird had been shot by poachers hunting illegally in the zone. The shooting was particularly controversial amongst conservationists and birders since the little bustard is a very rare visitor to Cyprus and had not been officially recorded in Cyprus since December 1979. The bird's habitat is open grassland and undisturbed cultivation, with plants tall enough for cover. Males and females do not differ markedly in habitat selection. It has a stately slow walk, and tends to run when disturbed rather than fly. It is gregarious, especially in winter.<p>Tracking of male Little Bustards has revealed that they are nocturnal migrants that make frequent stopovers in non-irrigated and irrigated croplands to reach more productive agricultural post-breeding areas.
- 繁殖区
- PAL : sw Europe and nw Africa to c Asia
- 非繁殖区
- n AF
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
White-throated Towhee
Melozone albicollis
Large, rather plain brownish sparrow endemic to dry interior foothills and highlands, mainly in Oaxaca. Generally quite common and conspicuous. Found in brushy woodlands, gardens, and farmland with hedges; often in pairs or small social groups. Feeds mainly on the ground, but also at low to middle levels in bushes and brush. Subtly attractive if seen well, with a white bib, rusty throat band, and rusty vent.
Red-billed Blue-Magpie
Urocissa erythroryncha
Raucous, vividly-colored magpie of lowland and foothill forests, gardens, and parks. Bright blue with black head, white belly, and long tail which trails loosely behind it in flight. Bright scarlet bill and extensive white crown serve to distinguish this species from the otherwise similar Yellow-billed Blue-Magpie. Travels in groups, communicating with constant, raucous, hoarse calls. Aggressive, often driving away other birds.
Temminck's Stint
Calidris temminckii
Breeds on wet moorland mainly in Scandinavia and Russia; migrants occur in wide variety of wetland habitats across Africa and southern Asia. Found mainly as singles or small groups, locally in flocks. Often keeps apart from other shorebirds, feeding quietly at marshy and muddy edges in or adjacent to cover. Note very small size, rather plain plumage (limited bright marks on back of breeding adults), greenish-yellow legs. In flight, sides of tail flash bright white, unlike grayish of Little Stint.
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