Bridled Tern

Onychoprion anaethetus

Tropical tern with gray back, black cap, and white forehead. Nonbreeding and immatures have a messy dark nape. Most similar to Sooty Tern but paler gray above with more extensive white tail edges, paler undersides of flight feathers, as well as longer and more slender eyebrow. Also compare with the paler Gray-backed Tern. Bridled Tern is found in warm tropical waters worldwide. It breeds on islands, usually concealed by a large rock or bush. Otherwise, usually stays far offshore, often seen perching on floating wood or debris. Rarely seen near land except when blown off course by a hurricane.

识别特征

This is a medium-sized tern, at 30–32 cm in length and with a 77–81 cm wingspan similar to the common tern in size, but more heavily built. The wings and deeply forked tail are long, and it has dark grey upperparts and white underparts. The forehead and eyebrows are white, as is a striking collar on the hindneck. It has black legs and bill. Juvenile bridled terns are scaly grey above and pale below.<p>This species is unlikely to be confused with any tern apart from the similarly dark-backed sooty tern and the spectacled tern from the Tropical Pacific. It is paler-backed than that sooty, (but not as pale as the grey-backed) and has a narrower white forehead and a pale neck collar.

分类信息

学名
Onychoprion anaethetus
命名信息
(Scopoli, 1786)
Charadriiformes
Laridae
Onychoprion

分布与栖息地

This bird is migratory and dispersive, wintering more widely through the tropical oceans. It has markedly marine habits compared to most terns. The Atlantic subspecies melanopterus breeds in Mexico, the Caribbean and west Africa; other races occur around the Arabian Peninsula and in Southeast Asia and Australasia, but the exact number of valid subspecies is disputed. It is a rare vagrant to western Europe.These are the four subspecies listed by the IOC:

迁徙
Complete migrants

保护状况

种群趋势
unknown

照片

分布

鸟叫声

其他鸟类

Northern Mockingbird

Northern Mockingbird

Mimus polyglottos

Common and fairly widespread across much of North America and the Caribbean. Medium-sized songbird with a relatively long tail, small head, and short bill. Gray above and paler whitish below. Note white wingbars and large white patch at the base of the primaries. Found in a variety of open habitats with scattered bushes or trees, often close to human settlements. Well-known for its impressive mimicry; often includes a wide range of other birds, car alarms, slamming doors, and other mechanical noises in its song. Limited range overlap with Tropical Mockingbird at the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in Mexico; Northern is most easily identified by its large white wing patches.

Eastern Shrike-tit

Eastern Shrike-tit

Falcunculus frontatus

Small bird with short, heavy bill. Green above, yellow below, with bold black-and-white head pattern. Male has black chin, female dark greenish. Found across south eastern and eastern Australia. Inhabits eucalypt woodlands and some wetter woodlands, where it tears bark noisily, looking for food. Song is loud and includes a descending three-part whistle. Also an accomplished mimic of many other species’ songs. Formerly treated as one of the geographically isolated subspecies of Crested Shrike-tit.

Mishana Tyrannulet

Mishana Tyrannulet

Zimmerius villarejoi

Uncommon flycatcher with a highly restricted range in northern Peru. It is known from white sand forest near Iquitos and from Andean foothills in the vicinity of the cities of Moyobamba and Tarapoto. Plumage is mostly yellowish-olive with a pale bill and eye and yellow fringes to the wing feathers. Very similar to Red-billed Tyrannulet, but usually shows an olive (not gray) crown; voice is a more reliable way to separate the two species. Listen for a high, piping whistle given alone or in pairs. Calls have a rasping quality in the lowland part of the range. Inhabits forest canopy.

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