Kerguelen Shag
Leucocarbo verrucosus
An attractive Southern Ocean crested and pied cormorant with pinkish feet, orange-buff warty caruncles on forehead, and a blue eye-ring, but without white wingbars. Juvenile is duller, lacking facial ornaments. Restricted to a single subantarctic island, Kerguelen, where it is the only cormorant and is commonly seen foraging in inshore waters. Although they do not overlap in range, most other Southern Ocean “blue-eyed” shags are larger, with whiter sides to the head, and many have white wingbars. Call is a grunting wheeze.
识别特征
The Kerguelen shag is 65 cm (25.5 in) long with a wingspan of 110 cm (43.5 in), making it the smallest blue-eyed shag. The adult's upperparts, tail, and thighs are metallic greenish black; the underbody to the throat is white; and the wing linings are brown. Some individuals have white patches on the back and wings. The head and the back of the neck are deep blue or purple, except that a black cap reaches below the eye to the chin and ear coverts. The face and throat pouch are dark brown, ornamented with yellow-orange tubercles. The bill is horn-colored or brown; the eyes are hazel. The legs and feet vary from dark brown to dark-blotched bright pink. Breeding adults have a little black erectile crest on the forehead, yellow or orange caruncles (large warts) above the base of the bill, and a bright blue ring around the eye. After the breeding season, the plumage fades, the eye-ring becomes lead-blue, and the caruncles become smaller and duller-colored.<p>Juveniles are dark brown with varying amounts of white underneath and brown iris, bill, and feet. They have no caruncles, and their eye-rings are lead-blue. They acquire adult plumage gradually.<p>Unlike many cormorants, this species does not spread its wings when it is perched.
分类信息
This species has been placed in genera Halieus, Hypoleucos, Notocarbo, and Leucocarbo. Others place it in the genus Phalacrocorax. It has been considered conspecific with some other blue-eyed shags under the name imperial shag. Here it is considered a separate species following the Handbook of the Birds of the World and other authorities<p>It has been suggested that Heard shags may visit the Kerguelens and that Kerguelen shags with white wing or back patches are the result of hybridization.
- 学名
- Leucocarbo verrucosus
- 命名信息
- (Cabanis, 1875)
- 目
- Suliformes
- 科
- Phalacrocoracidae
- 属
- Leucocarbo
分布与栖息地
This species nests on the coast of Grande Terre (the main island of the archipelago), on offshore islands, and on islands in the Golfe du Morbihan. It forages at sea throughout the archipelago, usually within 6 km (3.7 mi) of shore and especially in bays and inlets, though immatures have been seen rarely as far as 80 km (50 mi). Reports from Heard Island and western Australia may be of ship-assisted birds.<p>In the austral summer it feeds among kelp, sometimes at the bottom.
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
其他鸟类
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Rhaphidura sabini
A distinctive swift of lowland forest with a square tail and bulging wings that are “pinched” at the body and widest in the center. Wings, back, and throat are blackish, while belly, tail, and rump are white. Could be confused with Cassin’s Spinetail, but Sabine’s Spinetail’s tail extends out beyond the wings, giving it a typical swift appearance. Call is a high-pitched twitter.
Happy Wren
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Small, often very skulking wren of lowlands and foothills in West Mexico; endemic. Favors tropical forests, thorn forests, and thickets, usually with vine tangles. Heard more often than seen. Song a happy-sounding, repeated series of sweet whistles. Calls include a rising trill, like running your thumbnail along a comb. Plumage distinctive, with striped face bordered below by black whisker, and orangish underparts. Often occurs alongside and sometimes in the same bush as the much plainer and different-sounding Sinaloa Wren.
Mongolian Short-toed Lark
Calandrella dukhunensis
A small lark with a short, conical bill. It appears long and horizontal, and has strong streaks on the upperparts. Very similar to Greater Short-toed Lark, but Mongolian Short-toed is slightly larger, is warmer brown with a rust-colored tinge on the breast and underparts, and has bolder streaking. It usually inhabits open, dry grassy habitats. Song is a prolonged melodious jumble of notes, often given in flight. Calls, often heard when individuals or flocks go overhead, are distinctly trilly, with a squeaky-wet quality to them: “tr’liu, tr’liu, liu, liu”; not as strong and insistent-sounding as the calls of Greater Short-toed Lark.
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