Crimson-breasted Gonolek
Laniarius atrococcineus
A striking black-and-crimson bushshrike with a white stripe on its wing; a rare morph with yellow underparts also occurs. Singles and pairs forage alone or sometimes in mixed-species flocks in dry thornveld and dense tangles, where they prefer foraging on thicker trunks but will also forage on the open ground. Calls are variable, but mostly comprise loud ringing whistles answered by electric buzzing and grating notes.
识别特征
The sexes have the same colouration and are indistinguishable from each other. The upper parts, including the wings and tail, are black, the wings having a broad white bar. The underparts are vivid scarlet. A yellow-breasted form is occasionally seen, and was at first thought to be a separate species. Young birds have a mottled and barred buff-brown appearance with a pale bill.
分类信息
The species was first collected by William John Burchell in 1811 near the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. He named it atrococcineus meaning 'black/red', finding the striking colour combination quite remarkable. The generic name Laniarius was coined by the French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot and was meant to call attention to the butcher-like habits of the group. In South West Africa its colours reminded Germans of their homeland flag and it therefore became the Reichsvogel ("Empire bird"). The species is closely related to two other bushshrikes, the yellow-crowned gonolek (Laniarius barbarus) and the black-headed gonolek (Laniarius erythrogaster) of East Africa, but DNA research has shown that it does not form a superspecies with the yellow-crowned gonolek (L. barbarus), the black-headed gonolek (L. erythrogaster) and the papyrus gonolek (L. mufumbiri), as previously thought.
- 学名
- Laniarius atrococcineus
- 命名信息
- (Burchell, 1822)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Malaconotidae
- 属
- Laniarius
分布与栖息地
The crimson-breasted shrike is non-migratory and occurs in a broad swathe from southern Angola to the Free State province in South Africa and Northern Cape. Its preferred habitat is drier thornbush areas, in thickets and riparian scrub. It makes small seasonal migrations, preferring lower altitudes during cold periods.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
This shrike is extremely nimble and restless, its penetrating whistles often being the first sign of its presence, although it is not a shy species.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- rising
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Yellow Longbill
Macrosphenus flavicans
An unusual warbler with a long bill and yellow eyes. Brownish above and dull yellow below with a gray head and whitish throat. Found in rainforest, mainly in dense tangles at middle levels, usually in pairs or small groups. Similar in appearance to other longbills, but with a good view, separated by the coloration of the underparts. Most often detected by the distinctive song: a long series of clear whistled notes in which each note is slightly lower in pitch. The pattern is similar to that of Sabine’s Puffback, and the individual notes sound very batis-like.
Asian Dowitcher
Limnodromus semipalmatus
Very uncommon large, long-billed shorebird, nearly the size of a godwit, found in coastal mudflats and open marshes. Breeding adult extensively brick-red below, dark and strongly marked with brick-red tones above. Nonbreeding adult grayish brown with a duller, browner bill. Juvenile dark above, with broad gold feather edges, pale below, washed with warm buff or gold tones and with neat dark stipples and chevron-shaped marks. Blackish legs distinguish Asian from Long-billed Dowitcher, which has yellowish-green legs. Blackish or brownish bill of adult Asian differs from bicolored bill of godwits; note that bill of juvenile Asian has pale base.
Black-cowled Oriole
Icterus prosthemelas
Attractive black-and-yellow oriole of humid tropical lowlands. Favors forest edge, plantations, semi-open areas with tall hedges and flowering trees. Often in flowering trees with other species of orioles. Plumage rather variable, but note the rather small, slightly decurved bill. Male has black head and back in Mexico and northern Central America, female has black face and greenish back. Sexes look alike in southern Central America. Not especially vocal.
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