Crested Duck
Lophonetta specularioides
A distinctive, rather large duck that is common in wetlands, lakes, bogs, slow-moving rivers, and along seacoasts. Sexes look alike: grayish brown overall with bold pale dappling on sides of body, a darker face, and a short bushy crest (often hard to see); bill and legs dark gray. In flight, note the big white panel on the trailing edge of the wing (similar to Flying Steamer-Duck, which is heavier bodied and is rarely seen in flight). Eyes typically reddish in Patagonia and orangish in northern Andes.
识别特征
The crested duck is a medium-sized waterfowl species, with adult males reaching up to just over a kilogram. Males and females look similar, with males having a slightly more prominent crest than females. The feathers of the mantle, back and scapulars are dark brown with pale centers, giving a mottled appearance. The abdomen, flanks and tail coverts are light gray, with the tail itself being distinctly elongated and black. The upperwing is gray brown to light brown, with the secondaries having an iridescent coppery to greenish sheen, with a broad back band behind, narrowly edged with white. Juveniles are similar but lack crests, have light brown faces, and paler abdomens than adults.
分类信息
- 学名
- Lophonetta specularioides
- 命名信息
- (King, PP, 1828)
- 目
- Anseriformes
- 科
- Anatidae
- 属
- Lophonetta
分布与栖息地
Crested ducks are endemic to South America. The two subspecies occupy different elevations in the Andes, with Lophonetta s. alticola occurring from 2,500–4,800 metres (8,200–15,700 ft) from Peru to central Chile and Lophonetta s. specularioides occurring below 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) in the southern Andes near Patagonia and the Falkland Islands. The two subspecies co-occur in a zone of intermediate elevational habitats in Mendoza, Argentina and Talca, Chile.<p>The crested duck is found in lakes, marshes, and grassy areas from shallow coastal bays to high elevation lakes. In the Altiplano, they gather in turbid, alkaline lakes with large concentrations of zooplankton. They reside in sheltered bays and on beaches along the coast, where they forage for clams and other marine amphipods among rocks and kelp beds
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
Crested ducks are non-gregarious, flocking only in areas of unusually high food supplies. Generally pairs will expel others of their own species as well as alien species from their foraging areas. For these reasons they are considered highly territorial <p>Nesting birds are found almost throughout the year, depending on location within the range of crested duck. In the high elevations of the Andes, active nests can be found throughout the summer from October to April. The season is shorter in Patagonia and the Falklands, with nests found from September to January. Two broods per year are common, but three may occur as well.<p>Nests are on the ground, close to water and usually built among grass or ferns for reduced visibility. Eggs are cream colored, and a clutch may have from five to eight eggs. The incubation period lasts about 30 days. Only the female incubates the eggs, but males play an important role in the ducklings early development. Crested Ducks are monogamous and mating pairs exhibit high levels of cooperation which allow the species to live in proximity to other species such as gulls and skuas.<p>Crested ducks are dabbling ducks, which means they sieve through mud, silt, or gravel to find macroinvertebrates. Their diet, which is highly dependent on habitat, ranges from zooplankton, clams, kelp, and other macroinvertebrates.
保护状况
Crested duck is one of the most common duck species in the Tierra del Fuego and has been evaluated as Least Concern
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Yellow-collared Macaw
Primolius auricollis
Fairly small macaw with a conspicuous yellow nape and blackish forehead. In flight shows yellowish underwings. Note the lack of a red patch on the belly. Inhabits savanna and gallery forests in the Araguaia, Pantanal, and Chaco regions; can also be found in areas of low-intensity agriculture. The flight call is a loud, rasping “raaah”.
Calabarzon Babbler
Sterrhoptilus affinis
A fairly small bird of lowland and foothill forest and edge; endemic to Luzon, though lumped with Visayan Babbler under “Black-crowned Babbler” by some taxonomies. Has a gray back and cheek with fine pale streaks, dark wings and tail with white outer tail feathers, white underparts, a pale rufous throat, and a black crown. Note the slender black bill. Often joins mixed-species flocks and sometimes hangs upside down while feeding. Somewhat similar to Green-backed Whistler, especially from below, but smaller, with a pale rufous throat and a black crown. Voice includes a medium-pitched “poo piuu!” with the second note downslurred.
Crimson-fronted Cardinal
Paroaria baeri
Slim tanager with a blackish head and back, contrasting with white underparts. Note the dark red forehead and throat. The subspecies from a tiny region of the Xingu river has a black throat with a red moustachial stripe. Inhabits forests along rivers.
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