Slender-billed Parakeet
Enicognathus leptorhynchus
Fairly common, but nomadic in the Lake District region of Chile. Found in farmland with forest patches, hedges, and scattered tall trees; less of a forest bird than the smaller and duller Austral Parakeet, although the two species rarely if ever mix together. Feeds in trees and on the ground, often in noisy swarming flocks of 100s, even 1000s; tends to be wary and often flies high overhead, unlike Austral. As well as the unique long and curved bill, note the big red face patch, small red belly patch, and brighter blue wings than Austral.
识别特征
The slender-billed parakeet is about 40 cm (16 in) long. The species' English name comes from its greatly elongated mandible. The sexes are the same. Adults have a red forehead and lores in an otherwise yellow-green face. Their upperparts are dull green. Their underparts are yellowish green with a reddish patch on the belly. Their tail is also reddish; their wings are mostly green with bluish green primaries. Immature birds are similar to adults but are a darker green and have whitish skin around the eye.
分类信息
The slender-billed parakeet has also been named Enicognathus byroni, but the current specific epithet leptorhynchus has priority. It shares its genus with the austral parakeet (E. ferrugineus) and is monotypic.
- 学名
- Enicognathus leptorhynchus
- 命名信息
- (King, PP, 1831)
- 目
- Psittaciformes
- 科
- Psittacidae
- 属
- Enicognathus
分布与栖息地
The slender-billed parakeet is endemic to central Chile between the Santiago Metropolitan Region and Los Lagos Region; it also occurs in the Aysén Region, but rarely, and has been recorded as a vagrant in Argentina.<p>The slender-billed parakeet primarily inhabits southern beech (Nothofagus) and Chilean pine (Araucaria araucana) forest. It also occurs in nearby semi-open areas, ranchlands, and in cultivated areas, all of them usually in winter. In elevation it ranges as high as 2,000 m (6,600 ft).
- 迁徙
- Vertical migration
行为
The slender-billed parakeet moves from the upper elevations to lower ones in the austral winter months of May through September.<p>The slender-billed parakeet's year-round diet includes seeds of grass and thistle, buds, and berries. In autumn the seeds of Araucaria are a major component; it appears that its unusual bill is adapted to feed on them. Seeds of Nothofagus are also important at other times of the year. It is a serious agricultural pest on Chiloé Island.<p>The slender-billed parakeet breeds between November and February. It usually nests in tree cavities and is known to add twigs to raise a deep cavities's floor. Often several pairs will nest in the same tree. It also occasionally uses rock crevices and has been recorded making a twig nest in bamboo. At least one nest held 10 eggs but they were suspected of being laid by two females; another nest held five eggs. The incubation period is about 26 to 28 days and fledging occurs about 42 to 45 days after hatch.<p>The slender-billed parakeet's most common call is "a nasal grating note, typically repeated in long series, e.g. “grrreh-grrreh-grrreh...”." It also makes "higher-pitched slightly more melodious screeches, “kreeh!” or “kerreh!”."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Lesser White-fronted Goose
Anser erythropus
Generally uncommon medium-sized goose. Dark chocolate brown with a white forehead and bubblegum-pink bill. Similar to Greater White-fronted Goose: Lesser is slightly smaller and shorter-necked with a rather small, stubby bill, a distinct but narrow yellow eyering, and a more extensive white forehead. Usually seen as singles or small groups among flocks of other geese. Breeds in scrubby tundra and winters in agricultural fields, saltmarshes, and drier areas adjacent to wetlands. Gives high squeaks, often while in flight.
Paradise Tanager
Tangara chilensis
Small, stunningly colorful tanager of Amazonian lowlands. Bright green head contrasts with red, blue, and black body. Sexes alike. Often quite common within its range. Found in the canopy of humid forest, often in mixed-species flocks. Likes to stay high in the canopy, but occasionally moves lower into the midstory, moving quickly between perches as it forages.
Jabiru
Jabiru mycteria
Huge, massive-billed, and unmistakable stork of tropical lowlands. Found in marshes and flooded fields, but nests high in large trees. Sometimes seen feeding in wetlands in loose association with other wading birds, which are all much smaller. Flies strongly and often high overhead, sometimes even soaring like a vulture. Plumage is wholly white (no black in wings in flight) but the naked head and neck are black, with a broad red band at base of the neck.
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