Western Bowerbird
Chlamydera guttata
A dark, brownish, mottled, strongly marked bowerbird with warm brown tones overall and a small pink crest on the nape. Inhabits woodland habitat, and often near fig trees in rocky gorges. Can also be found in gardens and urban parks within its range. Males decorate their avenue bowers with pale objects such as small bones and shells. Very similar to but darker than Spotted Bowerbird. Note range. Western Bowerbird is found in central Australia and parts of the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Loud calls include hisses and rasping squawks.
识别特征
The western bowerbird is smaller than the other bowerbird it shares its range with, the great bowerbird. It measures 24–28 cm (9.4–11.0 in) in length and weighs 120–150 g (4.2–5.3 oz). Both sexes are similar in size and dimensions, except that the tail of the female is slightly longer. The plumage is brown with reddish or buff spots over the throat, chest, neck, back, head and wings, with a pink erectile crest on the nape. The tail is brown and the undersides are buff. The plumage of the female is similar to the male but more spotted on the throat.
分类信息
There are two subspecies, the nominate Chlamydera guttata guttata, which occupies most of its range, and C. guttata cateri, which occurs only the North West Cape in Western Australia. The species was first collected in 1861 by the explorer Francis Gregory, who gave the specimen to John Gould. The specific name guttata means spotted, referring to its plumage. The species is similar to Chlamydera maculata, the spotted bowerbird, and has often been treated as a subspecies of it.
- 学名
- Chlamydera guttata
- 命名信息
- Gould, 1862
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Ptilonorhynchidae
- 属
- Chlamydera
分布与栖息地
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Like most bowerbirds the western bowerbird is polygamous, with a male mating with several females over a breeding season and the female undertaking all nesting, incubation and chick-rearing responsibilities. As is typical in the family the male constructs an elaborate bower with which to attract females. Western bowerbird bowers are paired avenues of sticks, 20–25 cm (7.9–9.8 in) tall and 25–35 cm (9.8–13.8 in) long, placed on top of a platform of sticks. The bower is decorated with green and white objects, including berries, fruits, shells, pebbles and bones. Man-made objects may also be used for decoration, including glass, gun casings and metal objects. Each bower may be used for a number of years; when a new bower is constructed, material from the older bower may be reused. The male advertises his bower with calls; when the female arrives to inspect he will perform ritualised dances, fanning his tail, jumping and wing flicking, as well as further calling. Decorations will also be held in the bill and shaken vigorously, and the pink crest on the neck will be erected.<p>The female constructs the nest, a shallow cup of small twigs nested on a larger platform of sticks, around 2–6 m (6.6–19.7 ft) up a tree or shrub, often in a clump of mistletoe. The clutch is usually one or two eggs, which are green to buff, glossy and covered in dark scribble patterns. The incubation period is unknown.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
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Melithreptus brevirostris
Small honeyeater with brown cap. Primarily gray-brown with olive back and lighter underparts. Eye patch and band leading from the eye to back of the head are cream-colored. Juveniles have pale blue coloration around the eye and a yellow bill. Take care to separate from juvenile White-naped Honeyeater, which lacks the pale half collar around the side of the neck. The plumage of this species varies geographically. Common in eucalypt forests, where it is usually very vocal and active. Forages in small groups.
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Robust, big-headed, and rather short-tailed parrot endemic to Papua and Cape York (Australia) and introduced to Solomon Islands, where it inhabits lowland and foothill forests. Male bright green with red underwings and orange bill, female bright red with violet belly and dark bill. Usually seen flying above forests at first light, squawking loudly. Calls include an ear-shattering, high-pitched squawk, as well as a lower, rasping caw. Formerly grouped with other closely related species under “Eclectus Parrot.”
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