Swallow-winged Puffbird
Chelidoptera tenebrosa
Often seen perched on fences and power lines along roadsides in scrubby areas and forest edges. Also found close to sandy embankments where they nest in burrows. The body is mostly navy blue with a rusty belly, and a white vent, rump, and underwings. Makes sallying flights on long broad wings with wing “fingers” splayed.
识别特征
The swallow-winged puffbird is 14 to 15 cm (5.5 to 5.9 in) long and weighs 30 to 41.5 g (1.1 to 1.5 oz). The nominate subspecies has sooty black upperparts with some bluish iridescence. The lower back and rump are white. Its tail is short and black with white tips to the feathers that quickly wear away. The wings are long and pointed. The chin is whitish, the throat grayish, and the breast sooty black fading to gray in its lower part. Its belly is orange-chestnut. The bill is black, the eye dark brown, and the feet dark gray or black. C. t. brasiliensis is larger than the nominate; the underparts have a whitish band separating the grey lower breast from the belly, which is more ochraceous than the nominate's. C. t. pallida has paler underparts than the nominate, with a distinct white band separating the gray lower breast from the chestnut of the belly.
分类信息
The swallow-winged puffbird was previously known as simply "swallow-wing" but its current name has been widely accepted since the late twentieth century. It is the only member of its genus. It has three subspecies, the nominate C. t. tenebrosa, C. t. brasiliensis, and C. t. pallida.
- 学名
- Chelidoptera tenebrosa
- 命名信息
- (Pallas, 1782)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Bucconidae
- 属
- Chelidoptera
分布与栖息地
The swallow-winged puffbird is found throughout the Amazon Basin to the foothills of the Andes in the west and south through central Brazil. It also has a population along the southeastern Brazilian coast. The nominate subspecies is by far the most widespread, occurring in most of Venezuela, south through eastern Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru to northern Bolivia, and east through the Guianas and much of interior Brazil to its northwestern coast. C. t. brasiliensis is found in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil approximately from Rio Grande do Norte south to Espírito Santo. C. t. pallida is found only in Venezuela's far northwestern state of Zulia.<p>The swallow-winged puffbird inhabits a variety of open and semi-open landscapes. It appears to prefer open areas with scattered bushes on sandy soils within generally forested areas. It has also been recorded in savanna; the edges of transitional, secondary, and deciduous forest; várzea forest, and gallery forest. In elevation it mostly ranges from sea level to 1,000 m (3,300 ft) but can locally be found as high as 1,750 m (5,700 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The swallow-winged puffbird hunts by sorties from an exposed perch. Its diet is mostly flying insects that it captures on the wing and consumes in flight.<p>The swallow-winged puffbird's breeding season varies across its wide range. It digs a nest tunnel in flat sandy ground or an earthen bank (including human-made ones such as road cuts). The clutch is one or two whitish eggs.<p>The swallow-winged puffbird has a "[t]wittering song often given in flight". Its calls include "'tsi-tsi-tsi' and [a] high clear 'dí-didi dí-didi dí-didi…'."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- rising
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Light-vented Bulbul
Pycnonotus sinensis
Common songbird of gardens, parks, and forests. Adult dark olive above, white below, with black-and-white head pattern. Hainan subspecies has a blackish head with white limited to ear patch. Juvenile dull brown above (greenish in wings), white below, lacking head pattern. Hybrids with Styan’s Bulbul appear intermediate, with the moustachial stripe and white feathers around the eye of Styan’s but at least partly white nape of Light-vented. Common song is a ringing series of four notes, “wee-wee-der-wee.”
Rufous-bellied Eagle
Lophotriorchis kienerii
This handsome eagle is small and compact, with a black hood that contrasts with a white throat and rufous belly. On perched birds, note dark upperparts, short crest, and feathered legs. Juvenile lacks the hood but has dark eye-patches and all-white underparts. Often seen soaring over evergreen forests in lowland and foothill regions.
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Polyplectron katsumatae
Rare and often excruciatingly difficult to find, this is the only large gray game bird on Hainan. Usually detected by the loud, scratching noises made by flipping and scuffling leaves as it forages. Very similar to the closely related Gray Peacock-Pheasant, with which it shares no range overlap. Gray overall with dark blue-green dots on the wings and tail. Male is longer-tailed, with a short bushy crest and a small patch of red skin around the eye.
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