Wedge-tailed Hillstar
Oreotrochilus adela
Beautiful and distinctive hummingbird of Polylepis woodpland and adjacent scrub in the high Andes from the Argentina-Bolivia border to Cochabamba. Fairly rare. Male is the only hummingbird in range with a combination of rufous sides, black breast, and green throat. Female can be distinguished from other species of hillstars by her orange underparts.
识别特征
The wedge-tailed hillstar is 11 to 13 cm (4.3 to 5.1 in) long and weighs 7.4 to 8.3 g (0.26 to 0.29 oz). Adults have a medium length slightly decurved black bill. Both sexes' upperparts are gray-brown with a bronzy cast. The adult male has a glittering green gorget and chestnut underparts with a bold black stripe down the center. The tail is graduated and mostly blue-black; all but the central feathers have cinnamon inner webs. The adult female's throat is white with grayish and green spots and the rest of the underparts are pale rufous. The tail is blue-black and the outer three or four pairs of feathers are white at their tips. Juveniles are similar to the adult female.
分类信息
The wedge-tailed hillstar is monotypic.
- 学名
- Oreotrochilus adela
- 命名信息
- (d'Orbigny, 1838)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Oreotrochilus
分布与栖息地
The wedge-tailed hillstar is found from southern La Paz Department in central Bolivia south barely into Jujuy Province in extreme northwestern Argentina. It inhabits semi-arid to seasonally humid areas of the Andes below the puna grasslands. It typically is found among mesophytic shrubs and also often occurs in gullies or basins with stands of Polylepis trees. It will inhabit degraded habitat as long as Dodonaea bushes, taller bushes, and columnar cacti remain. In elevation it ranges from 2,600 to 4,000 metres (8,500 to 13,100 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The wedge-tailed hillstar's movements are not well known, but local movements and dispersal are suspected.<p>The wedge-tailed hillstar feeds on nectar from flowering plants; examples include those of genera Barnadesia, Mutisia, and Puya; various mistletoes; and columnar cacti. It also feeds on insects.<p>The wedge-tailed hillstar's breeding season is not well defined but appears to span from October to perhaps February. Males court by alternately singing and displaying from an open perch and making a deep U-shaped flight. The nest is a large cup glued to a rock face. Nothing else is known about the species' breeding phenology.<p>The male wedge-tailed hillstar's display song is "a medley of intense twittering notes interspersed by a distinct descending cadence".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Cinnamon Screech-Owl
Megascops petersoni
Small screech-owl with a scattered distribution in the Andes. It inhabits cloud forest in southeastern Ecuador and northern Peru, as well as a few locations in Colombia and Venezuela. Most birds have bright cinnamon-buff plumage, but some are brown and tan. Distinguished from the similar Rufescent Screech-Owl by the lack of any white marks on the shoulders, and by voice. Song is a fast, rising and falling series of soft “pu” notes. The speed at which the notes are given is quite variable.
Lemon-breasted Seedeater
Crithagra citrinipectus
A small gray-brown seedeater with a lemon-yellow rump, white tail tips, and a boldly marked face with pale patches (white to lemon-yellow) above and below the eye. The throat and upper breast are lemon-yellow in the male and buff in the female. Pairs and small flocks occupy savanna, grassland, and palm savanna, where the species is partial to Ilala Palm. It forages on the ground and in small shrubs and grass. The similar Yellow-fronted Canary is yellower, has a broader eyebrow, and lacks wingbars and the vertical dark stripe below the eye.
Tawny-winged Woodcreeper
Dendrocincla anabatina
Fairly common, but easily overlooked, medium-sized woodcreeper of humid tropical forest; infrequently seen away from ant swarms. Found singly or in small groups, often with Ruddy and Northern Barred Woodcreepers at army ant swarms. Mainly perches upright on slender trunks fairly low to the ground, less often at middle levels; often rather sluggish. Combination of face pattern, contrasting rusty wings, and behavior is distinctive. Usually rather quiet; at times gives plaintive mew calls and a prolonged chipping rattled song.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。