White-browed Woodpecker
Piculus aurulentus
Medium-sized woodpecker found in both montane and lowland humid forests. Olive-green above and barred below with a yellow throat. Note a complex head pattern: red crown on males (green on females) and yellow stripes above and below the eye that are bordered by another red stripe below the eye. Resembles Golden-green Woodpecker, which is bigger, lacks the yellow eyebrow and has a pale iris.
识别特征
The yellow-browed woodpecker is 21 to 22 cm (8.3 to 8.7 in) long and weighs 22 to 68 g (0.78 to 2.4 oz). Males and females have the same plumage except on their heads. Males are red from forehead to nape, have a narrow yellowish white supercilium, are dark olive green around the eye and onto the side of the neck, and successively below that a pale yellow stripe and a red malar band. Their chin and throat are pale golden. The female has an olive forehead and crown and much less red at the malar. Adults have olive green upperparts. Their flight feathers are dark brown with greenish edges and dark cinnamon-rufous on the inner webs. Their tail is blackish. Their underparts are whitish with wide dark olive bars. Their medium-length beak is blackish gray with a paler base on the mandible, their iris chestnut-brown, and the legs greenish gray. Juveniles are generally duller than adults and have less well defined barring on their underparts.
分类信息
Some authors treat the yellow-browed woodpecker and the golden-green woodpecker (P. chrysochloros) as a superspecies. The species is monotypic.
- 学名
- Piculus aurulentus
- 命名信息
- (Temminck, 1821)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Picidae
- 属
- Piculus
分布与栖息地
The yellow-browed woodpecker is found from Brazil's São Paulo state south through eastern Paraguay and northern Uruguay into northeastern Argentina. It inhabits the interior and edges of humid mature montane forest, dense secondary forest and woodland, and humid lowland forest. In elevation it ranges between 750 and 2,000 m (2,500 and 6,600 ft) in Brazil and generally lower in the other countries.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
As far as is known, the yellow-browed woodpecker is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The yellow-browed woodpecker mostly forages in the forest's middle level, by itself or in pairs. It commonly feeds by gleaning and pecking to reach prey. Its diet has not been studied in detail but is known to include ants and their eggs.<p>The yellow-browed woodpecker's breeding season is not well defined but appears to include August to November. It tends to excavate its nest cavity high in a tree.The clutch size, incubation period, time to fledging, and details of parental care are not known.<p>The yellow-browed woodpecker's song is a "slow or hurried series of 7-15 high 'wuh' notes." It drums with "rapid, regular rolls."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Yellow-legged Thrush
Turdus flavipes
This sharply-dressed thrush has a disjunct range from northern Colombia to southeast Brazil. Males are mostly black with a contrasting slaty-gray back and belly (though the population on Tobago is entirely black). Note the yellow bill, legs, and eyering. Females are plain brown without many obvious features; look for yellowish legs and eyering, slightly paler belly, and some faint streaking on the throat. Compare with female Black-hooded Thrush, which has a yellower bill. Fairly common in forests, edges, and gardens mostly from around 500–1,500 m, but locally lower and higher.
Whitehead's Broadbill
Calyptomena whiteheadi
Magnificent emerald-green giant of a broadbill, with distinctive black mottling and streaking. Males have black streaking on the underparts which females lack. A specialty of Borneo’s central highlands, where it can be found in montane forest with extensive tall pristine growth. Typically seen singly, but occasionally also in pairs or small flocks, especially at fruiting trees. Gives a sharp metallic “tlak!”, followed by a grating rattle.
Eurasian Wryneck
Jynx torquilla
Bizarre and unmistakable small gray woodpecker. Note broad black stripe down middle of crown and back. Cryptic plumage and sluggish habits make it easily overlooked. Favors open country with scattered trees, orchards, farmland; nests in tree cavities. Feeds mostly on the ground, probing with its long tongue for ants; hops with deliberate, rather jerky motions, often twitching its tail and turning its head. Song is a rising series of high, piercing notes, similar to that of a falcon.
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