Scaly-breasted Kingfisher
Actenoides princeps
A large forest kingfisher with a deep purple-blue head, a brown back, a pale collar, and whitish underparts. Bold scaling on upperparts and underparts is diagnostic. Males show a small buff mark at the base of the bill, while females show a buff eyebrow and moustache. North Sulawesi form has a buff collar, but collar is orange elsewhere on Sulawesi. Juveniles are more heavily scaled, with a dull-colored bill. Found in dense understory of forests in the hills and mountains. Vocalizations include a rising and falling mournful whistle, “weeeeyu,” and an agitated chatter.
识别特征
The adult scaly-breasted kingfisher measures about 24 cm (9 in) in length. It has a blue head and reddish-brown collar, and the female has a buff-coloured forehead. The back is dark brown scalloped with buff. The underparts are plain whitish-buff in the male and are barred with darker colour in the female. Birds in the northeast of the range have horn-coloured bills, northwestern birds have red bills, and southern birds have orange and brown bills. Also some differences are seen between the subspecies in the detail of the plumage. The only bird with which this species might be confused is the green-backed kingfisher (Actenoides monachus), also present in Sulawesi, but that species is usually found at lower altitudes and has a dark-green back and reddish-brown underparts.
分类信息
- 学名
- Actenoides princeps
- 命名信息
- (Reichenbach, 1851)
- 目
- Coraciiformes
- 科
- Halcyonidae
- 属
- Actenoides
分布与栖息地
The scaly-breasted kingfisher is endemic to the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia. Two subspecies are found in moist, montane forests, A. p. princeps from the northeast of the island andA. p. erythrorhamphus from the northwest and central parts. A. p. regalis is found in the southeast, but is now regarded as its own species, the plain-backed kingfisher. In the Minahassa Peninsula of northern Sulawesi, the nominate subspecies is found in the Gunung Ambang Nature Reserve in primary forest at elevations between 1,050 and 1,550 metres (3,440 and 5,090 ft) above sea level. Its habitat is the dense understorey of undisturbed primary forest.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The call of the scaly-breasted kingfisher, a series of mournful whistles, is more likely to be heard around dawn than later in the day. It perches on a branch in the forest and periodically makes short flights with its wings creating a whirring noise. It feeds on beetles and other small invertebrates. One female was observed to eat a lizard. It is believed to nest in holes in earth banks.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Nicholson's Pipit
Anthus nicholsoni
A large, slender pipit that is usually found in rocky areas. Note the pale eyebrow, long tail, and relatively long bill. Prefers dry, open areas with clumps of vegetation and scattered rocks and boulders, typically on slopes. Calls include squeaky sparrow-like chirps and sweet two-noted whistles. Song is a sequence of plaintive whistles, chirps, and other call-like vocalizations strung together with pauses in between. As with many other pipits, can be frustratingly difficult to identify in the field. Habitat and voice are important clues. Very similar to Mountain Pipit, but less streaky, especially on the breast. Larger than African Pipit, with buffy rather than white outer tail feathers.
Amazonian Umbrellabird
Cephalopterus ornatus
Fantastic bird of the Amazonian region and adjacent Andean slopes. It looks like a huge crow with a bushy crest, a thick braid hanging from its throat, and pale eyes. Male is larger than female, with a longer (feathered) wattle and a white patch at the front of his crest. Flight is undulating and woodpecker-like. Inhabits tall rainforest, often along rivers, and males gather at display sites where they extend their wattles and give low pitched moos.
Kidepo Lark
Corypha kidepoensis
A large lark with a long, strong bill and a long tail. Back is scaly-looking and underparts pale, with a black mark on the side of the breast. The wings show rufous in flight. Found locally in dry and open savanna. Similar to Red-winged Lark, from which it was recently split, but does not overlap in range. The song is a variable but repetitive mix of whistled notes and imitations of other species, usually given from the top of a bush, but sometimes in flight.
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