Sao Tome White-eye

Slim, long-winged, mid-sized raptor with oddly cuckoo-like markings. Has fairly weak, floppy flight and rarely soars. Generally uncommon species of thick savannah, woodland, and forest edge. Call is a long, mournful whistle. Although its shape is distinctive with practice, cuckoo-hawks can be confused with many other raptor species. Note the widely spaced rufous barring on the belly, and the small crest. Cuckoo-hawks are much slower and weaker fliers than any of the goshawks or sparrowhawks.

A large cuckoo with an impressive tail and a rich maroon throat and breast. Found in low-to-moderate elevation deciduous woodlands. The similarly shaped Hispaniolan Lizard-Cuckoo is smaller, has a longer and straighter bill, and is gray on the chest. The most common vocalization is a “ooo-whaaa,” given in a series. The impressive “dawn song” is a series of harsh, ratcheting utterances that accelerate in frequency and grow ever briefer in duration: the first few notes are “ooo-whaaaa,” becoming “whaa” as the song progresses.

The largest and darkest scrub-jay, identifiable solely based on range: found exclusively on Santa Cruz Island off southern California. Similar to California Scrub-Jay but larger, with darker back and darker mask. Inhabits scrubby woodland habitat, often on or near the ground. Typically found in small family groups.