White-bellied Antbird
Myrmeciza longipes
Medium-sized antbird with a disjunct range from Panama to Brazil. Variable plumage across range. Male generally rufous above and gray below with a white lower belly and blackish face and throat. Females are brown below with dark spotting on the wing coverts. Occurs in pairs in the dense understory of forest edge and second growth; often skulky and difficult to see well. Listen for a rapid trill that starts high and descends in both speed and pitch.
识别特征
This antbird, like others in its family, is a forest bird with a preference for undergrowth in dry or moist deciduous habitats. It is a resident breeder which lays two or three eggs in a nest in a tree, both sexes incubating.<p>The white-bellied antbird is typically 15 cm long, and weighs 26 g. It has rufous brown upperparts and whitish underparts shading to cinnamon-buff on the flanks and lower belly. There is a long grey supercilium. The pink legs are long and strong, reflecting this bird's terrestrial lifestyle.<p>The male has a black face, throat and upper breast. The female has a darker crown, grey cheek patches and small dark spots on the wings, and lacks the black markings of the male. The northern race griseopectus has black spots on the wings and grey central underparts in both sexes.<p>The white-bellied antbird is an insectivore which feeds on ants and other arthropods at or near the ground; it sometimes follows columns of army ants. It may be located by its bright descending jeer-jeer-jeer-jeer-jeer-jeer-jeer-jeer-jeer-jeer-jeer-jeer song, which ends with a few chew notes.
分类信息
The white-bellied antbird was described by the English naturalist William John Swainson in 1825 and given the binomial name Drymophila longipes. The genus Myrmeciza was erected by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1841 with the white-bellied antbird as the type species. The genus formerly included more than 20 species. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2013 found that Myrmeciza, as then defined, was polyphyletic. In the resulting rearrangement to create monophyletic genera, the species formerly placed in Myrmeciza were moved to 12 other genera leaving the white-bellied antbird as only the only member of the genus.<p>There are four subspecies:
- 学名
- Myrmeciza longipes
- 命名信息
- (Swainson, 1825)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Myrmeciza
分布与栖息地
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Wattled Jacana
Jacana jacana
Striking marsh bird, medium-sized with exceptionally long toes. In some regions adult is entirely black; other populations more similar to Northern Jacana with rufous upperparts. Always has red forehead and wattle at base of bill. Juveniles very similar to Northern Jacana: bronzy-brown above with white underparts and eyebrow; note yellow bill and long toes to separate from other marsh birds. All ages show yellow wings in flight. Found in wetlands, usually with a combination of grasses and lily pads.
Wilson's Snipe
Gallinago delicata
Plump, well-camouflaged shorebird that blends into wet meadows and marshes. Dark and heavily marked, with pale buffy stripes on back and face. Extremely long bill used to probe into mud for invertebrates. Similar in shape to American Woodcock but much darker with extensive markings on underparts. Fairly common and widespread throughout North America, wintering to northern South America. Found in muddy wetlands, flooded fields, and marshes, usually singly but sometimes gathering in loose groups. When flushed, listen for rough call note. On breeding grounds, watch and listen for aerial flight display, given day and night: a rapid series of hoot-like noises produced by the outer tail feathers in flight.
Cabanis's Ground-Sparrow
Melozone cabanisi
Rather local large sparrow of foothills and highlands in central Costa Rica. Found in brushy woodland and edge and overgrown clearings; usually on or near the ground and often in pairs. Like other ground-sparrows, spends most of its time skulking in shady and often dense cover. Large black spot in middle of chest. Head pattern is distinctive: rusty cap, black forehead and cheek wrapping around a white face with a beady dark eye.
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