Gray Goshawk
Tachyspiza novaehollandiae
Heavily built and powerful forest raptor occurring in two color morphs: all white; or gray and white. Both morphs have yellow legs, red eyes. Note broader wings than Brown Goshawk. Typically occurs in wet forested areas, including dense rainforest.
识别特征
The grey morph has a pale grey head and back, dark wingtips, barred grey breast and tail, and white underparts. The white morph is the only bird of prey in the world to be entirely white.<p>Grey goshawks are the largest Accipiter on mainland Australia, at about 40 to 55 cm (16 to 22 in) long, with wingspans of 70 to 110 cm (28 to 43 in). Females are much larger than males, weighing about 720 g (1.59 lb) on average (and sometimes scaling up to 990 g (2.18 lb)) while males average 355 g (12.5 oz). The population on the Solomon Islands is much smaller however, with a female found to have weighed 245 g (8.6 oz) and two males averaging 180 g (6.3 oz).
分类信息
The grey goshawk was formally described in 1788 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae. He placed it with the eagles, hawks and relatives in the genus Falco and coined the binomial name Falco novaehollandiae. Gmelin based his description on the "New Holland white eagle" that had been described in 1781 by the English ornithologist John Latham. Latham in turn had based his short description on information provided by Johann Forster who had accompanied James Cook on his second voyage to the Pacific Ocean. Two specimens had been collected in March 1773 at Adventure Bay in Tasmania. The grey goshawk is now one of 49 species placed in the genus Accipiter that was introduced in 1760 by the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson. The genus name is Latin for "hawk", from accipere, "to grasp". The specific epithet novaehollandiae is Modern Latin for "New Holland", the name given to western Australia by early Dutch explorers. In ornithology the name is used for eastern Australia, especially New South Wales. The grey goshawk has no recognised subspecies.
- 学名
- Tachyspiza novaehollandiae
- 命名信息
- (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
- 目
- Accipitriformes
- 科
- Accipitridae
- 属
- Tachyspiza
分布与栖息地
The grey goshawk is found along the coasts of northern, eastern and south-eastern Australia, Tasmania and rarely Western Australia. The variable goshawk was previously considered a subspecies.<p>Their preferred habitats are forests, tall woodlands, and timbered watercourses.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
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分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
South American Tern
Sterna hirundinacea
Medium-sized tern, mostly restricted to coastal areas. In breeding plumage, strikingly pale gray above and below with an extensive black cap, and an unmarked red bill and legs. The tail reaches beyond the wing tips when at rest. Wings are uniformly pale gray with no black. Nonbreeding birds have a half hood. Juveniles are mottled brown on the back.
Spotted Kestrel
Falco moluccensis
Heavily-marked reddish-brown falcon, found in open habitats across much of the Indonesian Archipelago. Dense spotting on back and wings contrasts sharply with gray tail. Sexes generally similar, but female averages more densely patterned, with fine barring on the tail. The only resident kestrel throughout much of range, but potential for overlap with Australian and Eurasian Kestrels exists; note densely-patterned underparts, overall richer and darker coloration, and dark brown crown. Hovers and hunts from an exposed perch. Gives shrill yaps and squeaks.
Iceland Gull
Larus glaucoides
Pale, medium-sized gull, smaller and daintier than Glaucous or Herring Gulls. Often looks cute with rounded head and small bill. Extremely variable plumage. Variation is apparently clinal across the Arctic breeding range, from darkest in the west to palest in the east. The palest adults have very pale gray backs and nearly pure white wingtips. The darkest birds, formerly known as Thayer’s Gull, are darker gray above and have blackish wingtips. Young birds range from almost pure white to medium brown, never as dark as Herring Gull. First-year birds usually have a mostly dark bill. Winters along both coasts of North America and in Europe, often near the ocean or on large lakes. Typically found in small numbers among flocks of other large gulls.
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