Pied Harrier
Circus melanoleucos
A spectacular harrier patterned in black and silvery white. The male is distinctive with black head, striking yellow cere and eyes, and black shoulders, breast, and wingtips, contrasting with its silvery-white underparts and forewing. The female is gray-and-brown above and lighter below, with a small white rump. Females superficially resemble female Pallid and Montagu’s Harriers, but have a paler underwing with narrow dark barring and sparse streaking on underwing coverts. The species hunts by quartering suitable habitat on buoyant wings. It eats mostly small mammals, amphibians, reptiles, and insects.
识别特征
The pied harrier (Circus melanoleucos) is a bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, named for the male's distinctive white and black colouration. It is a migratory bird endemic to Asia, ranging roughly from southern Siberia to the Philippines. They are primarily solitary although will sometimes form loose groups. They mostly live in open country and eat small mammals.
分类信息
The Pied harrier was first formally described in 1769 by Thomas Pennant in Sri Lanka , originally placed in the genus Falco [ 5 ] before later being placed the genus Circus which was introduced by Lacépède in 1799. [ 6 ] Circus comes from the Greek word kirkos meaning circle or ring, in reference to the circling flight of members of the genus. Melanoleucos comes from the Greek words melas and leucos , meaning black and white respectively. [ 7 ] This refers to the colouration of the adult male, and parallels the common name of pied harrier. " Pied " is commonly used to describe animals with a black and white pattern.
- 学名
- Circus melanoleucos
- 命名信息
- (Pennant, 1769)
- 目
- Accipitriformes
- 科
- Accipitridae
- 属
- Circus
分布与栖息地
The pied harrier's breeding range extends east roughly from Lake Baikal in southern Siberia through Mongolia and Northeast China , as far south as North Korea . Their wintering range is from eastern India and Sri Lanka , through South East Asia to the Philippines and Borneo . [ 3 ] Their habitat in the north is primarily steppes or boggy birch scrubs and in the south they spend their time in paddy fields and swamps. They prefer open habitat but can tolerate a certain degree of bush cover. [ 2 ] They are found at altitudes ranging from sea level to elevations of up to 2100m, but normally breed at under 1500m. [ 2 ]
- 繁殖区
- PAL : se Siberia, Korean Pen. and ne China
- 非繁殖区
- OR : India to Philippines and Borneo
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
Migration pattern: Complete migrants.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
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Large, very dark swallow endemic to Galápagos. Male is entirely deep bluish black. Female and juvenile are mostly brown with a bluish tinge to upperparts. In flight, note triangular wingtips and notched tail. Very similar to Purple Martin, which is a rare and erratic visitor (most records are from October to January). Male Galápagos Martin is smaller but otherwise looks almost identical; female is uniform brown below, lacking a pale belly. Uncommon and endangered, with a population estimated at less than 1000 birds. Usually encountered in pairs or very small groups circling overhead as they hunt insects.
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