Crested Hornero
Furnarius cristatus
A mostly terrestrial and chunky light brown bird of the north and central Chaco, from central Argentina to Western Paraguay and extreme SE Bolivia. Distinguished from Rufous Hornero by crest, from Lark-like Brushrunner by plain plumage, and from Cachalotes by dull plumage, smaller bill and size, and dark iris. Generally found in woodland, thorn scrub, and adjacent habitats. Builds large, open mud domed nests on exposed branches or power poles.
识别特征
The crested hornero is 14 to 15 cm (5.5 to 5.9 in) long and weighs 26 to 29 g (0.92 to 1.0 oz). It is a small hornero with the shortest bill of its genus. Its most distinctive feature is its crest, which is also unique among horneros. The sexes' plumages are alike. Adults have a faint pale supercilium and dull brownish malar area and ear coverts; the last have indistinct darker edges. Their forehead is rufescent and their crown and its crest duller clay-brown. Their back and rump are dull tawny-rufous and their uppertail coverts are rufous. Their tail's central pair of feathers are dull rufous and the rest brighter rufous. Their wing coverts and flight feathers are mostly dull tawny-brown with rufous edges on the latter. Their throat is whitish, their breast tawny, and their belly and flanks a deeper tawny with a whitish center to the belly. Their undertail coverts are tawny whitish with rufescent-brown bases. Their iris is brownish-red, their maxilla blackish, their mandible pinkish with a dark tip, and their legs and feet gray.
分类信息
The crested hornero is most closely related to the rufous hornero (F. rufus), and they may be sister species. The crested hornero is monotypic.
- 学名
- Furnarius cristatus
- 命名信息
- Burmeister, 1888
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Furnarius
分布与栖息地
The crested hornero is found from extreme southeastern Bolivia and western Paraguay south into Argentina as far as the central provinces of San Luis, Córdoba, Santa Fe, and Entre Ríos. It inhabits several arid landscapes including lowland scrublands, higher elevation Gran Chaco scrub, and woodlands. It occurs as high as 1,000 m (3,300 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The crested hornero is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The crested hornero's diet is primarily arthropods. It forages singly or in pairs while walking, gleaning its prey from the ground.<p>The crested hornero breeds during the austral spring and summer. It is thought to be monogamous. Its nest is an "oven" of mud with an inner chamber lined with dry plant matter, and typically on a horizontal tree or shrub branch. The clutch size is four eggs. Nothing else is known about its breeding biology.<p>The crested hornero's song is "an explosive staccato burst of loud, piercing whistled notes tailing off towards [the] end". Its call is "jwee-t-t-t-t-t-t-t".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Gray-backed Tailorbird
Orthotomus derbianus
A small, long-billed, long-tailed bird of dense tangled undergrowth in lowland forest in southern Luzon and neighboring islands. Has olive-green wings, a pale belly, a gray back and rump, a gray chest and throat with streaks, a rufous cap and tail, and orange legs. Very similar to Green-backed Tailorbird, but has a gray back, throat, and lower belly. Voice includes an explosive note followed by a rattling trill: “plik! Brrrrrrrrrr!”
Gray-breasted Flycatcher
Lathrotriccus griseipectus
Small, scarce flycatcher found in both dry and humid forest in western Ecuador and northwestern Peru. Good field marks are the mostly gray plumage, white “spectacles,” and bold white wingbars. Easy to overlook as it perches quietly inside lower levels of the forest, and often first detected by voice. Typical song is a soft, burry “breer, breer,” sometimes followed by other notes.
White-bellied Drongo
Dicrurus caerulescens
A small drongo with a dull-black back and a relatively short, distinctively forked tail. The “white-bellied” form has an extensively white belly diffusely demarcated from the dark gray throat and breast. The “white-vented” from is restricted to Sri Lanka and is darker overall, with dark gray underparts and a white vent. The species is similar to juvenile Black and Ashy Drongos, which are larger and have smaller amounts of white, diffused with a dusky color or scaling, on the belly and vent. White-bellied is found in dry and open forests across the Indian subcontinent.
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