Moluccan Cuckooshrike

A striking red and deep purple-blue parrot with a fairly long tail. Underside red except for dark chest band, red head with broad dark stripe through eye, and deep blue crown patch; back and tail also dark, and wings show extensive red markings. Juveniles show more blue on crown. Unique within its limited range in the Sangihe Islands. Found in pairs or groups in forest, forest edge, and nearby plantations. Gives harsh screeches, singly or repeatedly, most often in flight.

Fairly small tanager-like sparrow with an extremely tiny range in the foothills of eastern Panama, from around 800–1,200 m. Distinctive in range: olive-brownish overall with brighter yellow-ochre underparts, darker blackish face, and staring pale eye. Like other chlorospingus, typically found in small groups, often with a mixed-species flock. Usually sticks to the understory or middle levels of humid forest.

A medium-sized, electric-blue-backed kingfisher with a distinctive bicolored bill: red above and black below. Pairs and singles mostly hunt insects in taller dry woodland, riverine forest, and forest edges. Its loud and characteristic call is a high-pitched “tuuui”, followed by a pause and then a trilling, down-slurred “trrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr”. Sometimes it advertises by sitting upright, extending its wings to show a bold wing pattern, and calling. Almost all of Africa’s other similar kingfishers have a uniformly red-orange (not bicolored) bill, except the Blue-breasted Kingfisher, which differs by being larger, having a complete pale-blue breast band, and preferring denser lowland rainforest.