White-naped Honeyeater
Melithreptus lunatus
Small honeyeater with black cap. Underparts white, upperparts light olive. Has white throat with a white band behind the eye. Very similar in appearance to White-throated and Black-chinned Honeyeaters but can easily be distinguished by presence of red skin around the eye. Juveniles have more brown coloration and a yellow bill. Common resident of eucalypt forests.
识别特征
A mid-sized honeyeater at 13–15 cm (5–6 in) in length, it is olive-green above and white below, with a black head, nape and throat, a red patch over the eye, and a white crescent-shaped patch on the nape. It is thinner than other similar species. Juveniles have brownish crowns and an orange base of the bill. Its call is a mjerp mjerp.
分类信息
The white-naped honeyeater was originally described as Certhia lunata by French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot in 1802. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin luna, meaning 'moon'; this refers to the crescent-shaped, white marking on its nape. It is a member of the genus Melithreptus, with several species of similar size and (apart from the brown-headed honeyeater) black-headed appearance, in the honeyeater family, Meliphagidae. The next closest relative outside the genus is the much larger, but similarly marked, blue-faced honeyeater. More recently, DNA analysis has shown honeyeaters to be related to the Pardalotidae (pardalotes), Acanthizidae (Australian warblers, scrubwrens, thornbills, etc.), and the Maluridae (Australian fairy-wrens) in the large superfamily Meliphagoidea.<p>Gilbert's honeyeater, found in southwest Western Australia, was initially described as a separate species by John Gould in 1844, before being reclassified as a subspecies of the white-naped for many years. However, a molecular study published in 2010 showed that it had diverged before the split of populations in eastern Australia into the white-naped and black-headed honeyeaters.<p>"White-naped honeyeater" has been designated as the official common name for the species by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC).
- 学名
- Melithreptus lunatus
- 命名信息
- (Vieillot, 1802)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Meliphagidae
- 属
- Melithreptus
分布与栖息地
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
It is found in eucalypt forest and woodlands. Its diet is principally nectar from a variety of flowers, supplemented by insects and various other invertebrates.<p>White-naped honeyeaters may nest from July to December, breeding once or twice during this time. The nest is a thick-walled bowl of grasses and bits of bark in the fork of a tall tree, usually a eucalypt. Two or three eggs are laid, 18 mm × 14 mm (0.71 in × 0.55 in) in size, and shiny, buff-pink, sparsely spotted with red-brown.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Ivory-billed Woodcreeper
Xiphorhynchus flavigaster
Rather large, fairly common woodcreeper of tropical forest in both dry and humid areas. Feeds mainly on larger trunks, often probing into bromeliads and moving methodically. Note the long stout bill, which is mostly pale (but not really ivory colored), and the bold streaking on the head, back, and underparts. Streak-headed Woodcreeper is smaller and more active, with a slender, slightly decurved bill, very different voice.
Nutting's Flycatcher
Myiarchus nuttingi
Medium-sized Myiarchus flycatcher very similar to Ash-throated Flycatcher of western North America but slightly brighter overall, with bushier crest and browner face. Best identified by voice. Ash-throated is a winter migrant throughout much of Nutting’s range. One form of Nutting’s occurs in arid scrub and oak woods of lowlands and foothills; its commonest calls are a loud “wheek” and bickering “kwidik-kwidik.” A second form of Nutting’s (“Ridgway’s Flycatcher”) occurs in hedges and semiopen country in lowlands from Chiapas south to Central America; its commonest calls are “wh’beer” and “dee-dee-dee-dee.”
Indian Cuckooshrike
Coracina macei
A large gray cuckooshrike with a strong, hooked bill. Upperparts are mostly gray with black primaries; male darker than female. Note pale patch on back and white tail tips when bird is in flight. Male is gray with a lightly barred white belly. Female has denser barring that transitions to a white lower belly and undertail. Both sexes have a dark patch from the bill to slightly behind the eye, giving a masked impression. Juvenile is brownish, heavily scaled with whitish-buff, and mottled on the underparts. Immature has broader white edges to wing feathers. Vocal. Often gives a two-noted, rather nasal “gii-yaak,” uttered in flight as well as from a perch; also gives scratchy squeal calls. Inhabits lightly wooded country, avoiding wet forests.
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