Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker
Dicaeum cruentatum
One of many flowerpeckers in which the male is brightly-colored and the female is predominantly brown. Adult male is black and white from below, but above it is bright red from the crown down to the rump. The female, while largely dull, can be distinguished from other flowerpeckers by her bright red rump that is often visible when hovering and foraging. Juvenile lacks the red rump, but has a white throat and is a much darker brown above than the similar Plain Flowerpecker. A lowland species, often found in gardens with flowering and fruiting plants, particularly mistletoe. Often detected through its metallic ticking calls.
识别特征
Measuring 9 cm (3.5 in) and weighing 7 to 8 grams (0.25 to 0.28 oz), the scarlet-backed flowerpecker is a small bird with a short tail. It exhibits sexual dimorphism. The male has a navy blue face, wings and tail, with a broad bright red stripe from its crown to its upper tail coverts. The female is predominantly olive green with a black tail and scarlet upper tail coverts and rump. Both sexes have creamy white underparts, black eyes and legs, and a dark grey arched bill. The juvenile has plumage similar to the female but has an orange bill and lacks the bright red rump.
分类信息
In 1747 the English naturalist George Edwards included an illustration and a description of the scarlet-backed flowerpecker in the second volume of his A Natural History of Uncommon Birds. He used the English name "The little Black, White, and Red Indian Creeper". Edwards based his hand-coloured etching on a preserved specimen that had been sent from Bengal to the silk-pattern designer and naturalist Joseph Dandridge in London. When in 1758 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the tenth edition, he placed the scarlet-backed flowerpecker with the treecreepers in the genus Certhia. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name Certhia cruentata and cited Edwards' work. The scarlet-backed flowerpecker is now placed in the genus Dicaeum that was introduced by the French naturalist Georges Cuvier in 1816. The genus name is from the Ancient Greek dikaion. Cuvier claimed that this was a word for a very small Indian bird mentioned by the Roman author Claudius Aelianus but the word probably referred instead to the scarab beetle Scarabaeus sacer. The specific epithet cruentata is from Latin cruentatus meaning "blood-stained".<p>Genetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA of 70% of flowerpecker species showed the scarlet-backed and black-fronted flowerpecker (D. igniferum) - which is endemic to the Indonesian Lesser Sunda Islands - to be each other's closest relative; the males of both species have red plumage on their backs.<p>Six subspecies are recognised:
- 学名
- Dicaeum cruentatum
- 命名信息
- (Linnaeus, 1758)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Dicaeidae
- 属
- Dicaeum
分布与栖息地
It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. No global population studies have been undertaken; it is thought to be common throughout most of its range particular in Thailand, although it is considered rare in Bhutan and Nepal. It is found up to 1000 m (3500 ft), in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, wooded areas and gardens.In the north of its range, it is found in southeastern China to Fujian (as the subspecies Dicaeum c. cruentatum). It has been recorded from both native and plantation forest in West Bengal in India.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Salvin's Curassow
Mitu salvini
Large black curassow with a bright red bill, white lower belly, and white tail tip. Unlikely to be confused. Uncommon to rare in its fairly limited range in western Amazonia; mainly restricted to Ecuador but also occurs in Colombia and remote northern Peru. Typically found singly or in pairs in lowland forest, from the ground to the mid levels. Extremely low-pitched hoots often given at night; compare with Nocturnal Curassow which usually gives a distinctly three-parted song.
Black Woodpecker
Dryocopus martius
Unmistakable large, crow-sized woodpecker, all black with a red crown, which is reduced in females. Powerful, straight, and rather flappy flight without the undulations of other woodpeckers. Very noisy, with a strident "ke-yaa" given when landing or perched and a "krry-krry-krry" call uttered in flight. Found in a range of forest types, especially older mixed forest.
Black-and-yellow Broadbill
Eurylaimus ochromalus
Utterly unmistakable in its costume of black, white, yellow, and pink. Wide, deep-based bill, typical of the broadbills, is bright blue. Forages at middle to high levels in lowland and hill forests, frequently moving with mixed-species flocks and sallying out from a perch. Song is disproportionately loud, a series of high-pitched coos that increases in pitch and speed, turning into a maddened series of loud whistles. Frequently gives a jay-like “jeer!” call.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。