Emin's Shrike
Lanius gubernator
A small, attractive shrike with a rufous back and rump, a gray cap and neck, and a black mask through the eyes. Usually shows a small white patch on the front of the wing. Uncommon and local in moist savanna habitats, usually in pairs or small groups. Not very vocal, but does give a series of whistles and low, scratchy notes. Similar to migratory Red-backed Shrike, but smaller, with a rufous rather than gray rump.
识别特征
Emin's shrike is similar in plumage to the red-backed shrike but it is smaller and darker. It has a black mask from the base of the bill through the eye to the ear coverts which separates the grey crown and nape from the white throat. The upperparts are brown without the grey rump shown by the red-backed shrike and the breast, belly and undertail coverts are datk buff rather tha the red-backed shrike's pinkish underparts. The black tail has white sides and a white tip and there is an obvious patch of white on the primaries. This is not a highly sexually dimorphic species , the females are duller versions of the males with a browner back and and the grey head having a brownish tinge. The juveniles are brownish barred with blackish on the upper parts with blackish barred pale tawny underparts. This is the smallest species in the genus Lanius with a length of 14 or 15 cm (5.5 or 5.9 in).
分类信息
Emin’s shrike was first formally described in 1882 by the German physician and ornithologist Gustav Hartlaub with its type locality given as “Central Africa”, later determined to be Langomeri in the Nile Province of Uganda by Shelley in 1912. This species has a plumage which resembles that of the Palearctic migrant red-backed shrike (L. collurio) and it was thought that Emin’s shrike was a basal member of that lineage. However, the plumage similarity does not necessarily indicate a close relationship and Emin’s shrike was found, in phylogenetic molecular analyses, to be nested within the L. collaris species complex and to be most closely related to Mackinnon's shrike (L. mackinnoni). The genus Lanius, of which Emin’s shrike is a member, is classified within the family Laniidae which sits within the superfamily Corvoidea, part of the clade Corvides in the suborder Passeri of the order Passeriformes.
- 学名
- Lanius gubernator
- 命名信息
- Hartlaub, 1882
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Laniidae
- 属
- Lanius
分布与栖息地
Emin's shrike is found in western and north central Africa and has a scattered distribution which lies in a broken belt to the north of the equator. It can be found in Mali in the Niger inland delta and on the Séno Plain and the Ivory Coast, mostly in Comoé National Park east to South Sudan and northern Uganda. Breeding has been confirmed only in Nigeria, Ghana and the Democratic Republic of Congo but this species has been recorded from the Central African Republic and Benin as well as the aforementioned states. there are no records from Togo or Burkina Faso, but the species may have been overlooked in these countries. This is a species of savanna, gallery forest, open woodland and forest clearings including old carable fields and abandoned settlements.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
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